A system error has occurred. Four of the men testified in their own defence. To protect them from mob violence, they took them to other jails outside Henry County. John S. Battle to grant clemency to no avail. The judge ruled that there was no evidence that discrimination was involved in imposing the Martinsville death sentences. New York, Today: On January 8, 1949, from the dingy negro slums of Martinville, Virginia, staggered attractive, dark-haired Mrs. Ruby Stroud Floyd (32), shouting that she . Use Escape keyboard button or the Close button to close the carousel. They applied the bulk of the funds raised to the defense of clients. The original trial records, including hundreds of pages of transcripts, are on file at the Martinsville Circuit Court clerk's office. The Martinsville 7 were seven African American men convicted of raping a white woman in 1949. Grayson said she once told her father that she wanted to meet her grandfather. Cries and sobs could be heard from some of the descendants after Northam's announcement. Weve updated the security on the site. Learn about how to make the most of a memorial. In this period of the second Red Scare, Senator Joseph McCarthy and the House Un-American Activities Committee had raised alarms about purported communist influence in government and society. 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The hope generated by the Scottsboro campaign in the 1930s was followed by bitter setbacks in the post-World War II period. But Northam said Tuesday that the death penalty for rape was applied almost exclusively to Black people. Every single one of the 45 men executed by Virginias electric chair for rape at that point were African American men charged with assaulting white women. Hundreds stayed in Richmond for a prayer vigil until the executions took place. Floyd identified Grayson and Hampton as her rapists but struggled to identify the others because the attack happened at night. All Rights Reserved. Please subscribe to keep reading. Add to your scrapbook. The remaining three were electrocuted on February 5. http://revcom.us/a/098/martinsville7-en.html, http://www.blackpast.org/aah/martinsville-seven-1949-1951. This browser does not support getting your location. Only one of the accused had a prior criminal record, and most of the men were employed. In December, advocates and descendants of the men asked Northam to issue posthumous pardons. And the real victim Ruby Stroud Floyd didn't even get a mention from those coon descendants of her rapists ! Which memorial do you think is a duplicate of Ruby Floyd (78661616)? Virginia Gov. Use Next and Previous buttons to navigate, or jump to a slide with the slide dots. "The Martinsville Seven were not given adequate due process 'simply for being black,' they were sentenced to death for a crime that a white person would not have been executed for 'simply for being black,' and they were killed, by the Commonwealth, 'simply for being black,' " the advocates wrote in their letter to Northam. By early 1951, legal strategies to save the Martinsville Seven were exhausted and the NAACP, joined by the Civil Rights Congress (CRC), turned towards a public relations campaign aimed at commuting the mens death sentences. According to historian Eric W. Rise, this case "demonstrated the power of the southern legal system to enforce codes of racial behavior."[2]. After the verdicts and sentencings, the Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals later rejected a racial-prejudice claim filed on behalf of the Martinsville Seven, ruling that sentences did not, "depend upon the race of the accused, but upon the circumstances, aggravation and enormity of the crime proven in each case." The email does not appear to be a valid email address. There were six trials two defendants elected to be tried together held back to back, none of them lasting more than a day. [2][13] The CRC began to organize mass actions in Richmond. Four of the men were executed in Virginia's electric chair on February 2, 1951. Deputies in Davidson County rushed to help a 69-year-old man they'd found unresponsive in his house following a welfare check. They would soon be handling the volatile case of seven black men charged with raping a white woman, and Whittle admonished them that the accused "will be tried as though both parties were members of the same race. When she and the boy returned, Hampton said he grabbed her and the others joined in the assault, according to his confession. By the spring of 1949, all seven men were charged with rape. But on July 24, 1950, Battle turned them down, writing: "No fair minded person can read the evidence in these cases without being convinced, beyond the shadow of a doubt, of the guilt of all the defendants.". Mrs. Thurman B. Towill, of Governor Battle's office, looks at stacks of protest letters regarding the Martinsville Seven case. Howard Lee Hairston, age 20, denied having sex with Floyd. It is not known whether Floyd is still alive and if so, where. "I was maybe 10 years old, and it was very, very, very hush-hush," he said. Please check your email and click on the link to activate your account. Use code: FLICKR10. The preliminary hearing occurred about a month later, and the grand jury two months after that. He wept when Northam announced he would pardon the men. Now they've been pardoned | CNN, Shocking moment thief is burned to death by villagers who say he led a violent gang. Thanks for using Find a Grave, if you have any feedback we would love to hear from you. Suggest Edits Toggle Dropdown. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Enter your account data and we will send you a link to reset your password. cemeteries found in Duplin County, North Carolina, USA will be saved to your photo volunteer list. He said none of the men had attorneys present while they were interrogated. The last to be arrested, Joe Hampton, was taken into custody on January 10. It was the largest group of people executed for a single-victim crime in Virginia's history. Previous actions by civil rights attorneys had resulted in changes in the Virginia process, improving their procedures. When the NAACP appealed their convictions, its defense team noted that when the police had questioned the men, they had been drinking for some time, and they were not allowed to consult lawyers or their families. If you have questions, please contact [emailprotected]. [1] On August 31, 2021, the Governor of Virginia pardoned the convictions of all seven men, 70 years after their deaths. You can directly shop your flowers on Amazon. The Martinsville 7 were charged with the rape of a white woman, Ruby Stroud Floyd, in a black neighborhood of Martinsville, Virginia on January 8, 1949. The shortest was little more than half an hour. That appeal failed, too, however. Sign up for our newsletter to keep reading. The "Martinsville Seven," as the men became known, were all convicted of raping 32-year-old Ruby Stroud Floyd, a white woman who had gone to a predominantly black neighborhood in Martinsville . Image courtesy of Papers of the Civil Rights Congress. Each were. A presentation of a bouquet of flowers is a special way of showing youre thinking of them and their loss, as the bright colours reflect the personality of the passed loved one. cemeteries found within kilometers of your location will be saved to your photo volunteer list. [2] A relative of the Hairstons has said that their family tradition always said that Floyd had been having an affair with one of the defendants, but this was not explored at trial. Appeals to the Virginia and U.S. supreme courts followed but also failed. [15] It is the largest execution for rape charges in the United States. After a long legal battle led by the NAACP and a grassroots campaign led by the Civil Rights Congress, the seven were executed in 1951 on February 2nd and February 5th. "A white lady and a little colored boy came by and the lady asked where Ruth Pettie lived we all planned to get her when she came back.". If people like George Floyd really did die "simply for being black," how can we doubt that black men in the . As the final execution dates of Feb. 2 and Feb. 5, 1951, approached the governor's office was flooded with thousands of telegrams, including one from Moscow, asking that the men not be executed. You have chosen this person to be their own family member. A prosecutor asked him: "Charlie, do you know what happens to little boys who tell lies when they die?". View Source. "It means so much to me," he said of the pardon. Your Scrapbook is currently empty. Before their executions, protesters picketed at the White House, and the governor's office received letters from around the world asking for mercy. The Martinsville 7 were African-American young men accused of the rape of a white woman, Ruby Stroud Floyd, on January 8, 1949 in Martinsville, Virginia. Failed to delete memorial. The remaining three were executed on February 5, 1951. 20072023 Blackpast.org. This account has been disabled. But the remaining three men were executed on Monday, Feb. 5. NAACP officials focused national attention to the case, hoping to delay or overturn the death penalty judgment. ", Hodge-Muse says, "This community does not have a hateful attitude that would lend itself to violence that's not our culture, and I think it speaks well of the black and white community that we have never had that type of meanness.". Learn more about merges. Richmond Mayor Levar Stoney, 41, and Brandy Washington tied the knot last week, a year after the couple got engaged. "I am not excusing rape. Virginia would later execute three more men for rape, the last in 1961. The "Martinsville Seven," as the men became known, were all convicted of raping 32-year-old Ruby Stroud Floyd, a White woman who had gone to a predominantly Black neighborhood in Martinsville, Virginia, on January 8, 1949, to collect money for clothes she had sold. The" Martinsville Seven," as the men became known, were all convicted of raping 32-year-old Ruby Stroud Floyd, a white woman on Jan. 8, 1949. There is a problem with your email/password. All seven men were convicted and sentenced to death within eight days. What the Martinsville case lacked in legal import, it made up for politically by drawing national and worldwide attention to the death penalty as a civil-rights issue. Four of the seven testified at their own trials. It was a dramatic shift for Virginia, a state that had the second-highest number of executions in the U.S. To use this feature, use a newer browser. Other prosecution witnesses included Grayson's wife, Josephine, who also testified for the defense in some of the cases; a sister of one of the defendants; and a black woman who assisted Floyd after the attack. The CRC in turn criticized the NAACP for its reliance on a legal strategy that had a dubious chance of success in a southern state where rigid Jim Crow was enforced. At the time of their arrest, all but one were between the ages of 18 and 23. She had previously distributed Jehovah's Witnesses materials in the neighborhood. Archives Unbound. The pardons do not address the guilt or innocence of the men, but Northam said the pardons are an acknowledgement that they did not receive due process and received a "racially-biased death sentence not similarly applied to white defendants.". The appellate courts upheld the convictions and sentences, and the US Supreme Court twice refused to hear the cases. Translation on Find a Grave is an ongoing project. Flowers added to the memorial appear on the bottom of the memorial or here on the Flowers tab. Since they ranged widely in experience, he asked the more experienced ones to aid the newer attorneys. The Martinsville 7, seven African American men sentenced to death for the rape of a white woman in Virginia are shown on a flyer published by the Civil Rights Congress in 1950. "This is about righting wrongs," Northam said. [12] The NAACP's interest was in establishing legal precedent "for the benefit of due process and equal protection in general and the Negroes' rights in particular. All of them were tried by all-white juries. On 8 January 1949, 32-year-old Ruby Stroud Floyd was out collecting money for some clothes she had recently sold. August (1992): 461-490; Eric W. Rise, The Martinsville Seven: Race Rape and Capital Punishment (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1995). Share. Becoming a Find a Grave member is fast, easy and FREE. Northam has now granted a total of 604 pardons since taking office in 2018, more than the previous nine governors combined, his administration announced Tuesday. Three worked in a sawmill, one was a plasterer's helper, one a stonecutter and one a foundry man. Ruby Stroud Floyd obituary is not public at the time, we will share more as we learn about the obituary and possibly the funeral. "But we don't really know what happened.". Ruby Stroud Floyd always brought light to every room entered. Together representatives, both black and white, of the CRC and NAACP, as well as other citizens, met with Battle in June 1950 to appeal for a pardon or clemency for the defendants in the case. Black men executed in 1951 for the rape of a white woman granted posthumous pardons | CBC News Loaded. The night of Feb. 1, 1951, hundreds of people of both races gathered at the state Capitol to pray. Each man was charged with rape and aiding and abetting rape both crimes punishable by death at the time. In 1977, in its ruling in Coker v. Georgia, the US Supreme Court ruled that "it is repugnant to an enlightened society for the state to kill a person for a crime that does not result in death," declining to extend the death penalty to a person guilty of raping an adult woman. Eric W, Rise, an associate professor at the University of Delaware who wrote a 1995 book on the case,The Martinsville Seven: Race, Rape, and Capital Punishment,said Floyd told police she was raped by a large group of Black men and testified at all six trials. Smyth Jr., the penitentiary superintendent, wrote a succinct response: "No white person has ever been electrocuted in Virginia for the crime of rape; or attempted rape. {{start_at_rate}} {{format_dollars}} {{start_price}} {{format_cents}} {{term}}, {{promotional_format_dollars}}{{promotional_price}}{{promotional_format_cents}} {{term}}, Independent Contractor (Newspaper Carrier), Virginia railroad union says safety concerns have been rising amid cost-saving moves, Nebraska cheerleader competes by herself at state competition, but crowd doesn't let her feel alone, Spotsylvania Sheriff's Office ends affiliation with Reelz TV show 'On Patrol: Live', Former Virginia basketball coach Terry Holland dies after battling Alzheimer's. "It means so much to me," he said of the pardon. In some cases, they said that the police had written the confessions, that the formal account varied from a handwritten version, and that they had not fully read the police version when signing and did not recognize that their own accounts had been changed. The longest deliberations lasted less than two hours, Rise said. Virginia Gov. Their trials and the electrocutions became a cause clbre similar to the Scottsboro Case of the 1930s. All six juries convicted the young men of rape and recommended the death penalty. His signed confession, like those of the others, was read into the record and can be found in the old files. A unique soul with a great personality has an amazing sense of humour, diligent and caring. The rapes occurred on Saturday, January 8, 1949, after Ruby Stroud Floyd, a 32-year-old white woman, entered a black neighborhood in Martinsville, Virginia, to collect money for clothing she had sold. African American History: Research Guides & Websites, Global African History: Research Guides & Websites, African American Scientists and Technicians of the Manhattan Project, Envoys, Diplomatic Ministers, & Ambassadors, Foundation, Organization, and Corporate Supporters. All but one were young and single, and all were employed three in a sawmill, one a plasterer's helper, one a stonecutter and one a foundry man. The prosecution vetoed all potential black jurors so that all-white and all-male juries heard the cases. Despite the letter-writing campaigns, editorials, and local vigils, newly-installed Virginia Governor John S. Battle refused clemency. The CRC also had organized an international campaign, and Governor Battle was swamped by letters from overseas asking him to commute the sentences of the men. Eric W. Rise, Race, Rape, and Radicalism: The Case of the Martinsville Seven, 1949-1951. The Journal of Southern History LVIII, no. He sobbed loudly when Northam told the family members he would grant the pardons after meeting with them Tuesday. Defense lawyers claimed that the initial confessions were forced by the local sheriff. "Most of the time, the families, the people who were of age in that era, they talked about it in private homes, in churches and other places and always felt as though it was really a serious injustice. Martin and the NAACP also agreed to represent the men in an appeal for the Seven with the Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals. After being questioned by local police officers, the defendants initially confessed to committing or witnessing the crime. 1 ranking in country. After being questioned by local police officers, the defendants initially confessed to committing or witnessing the crime. There are no volunteers for this cemetery. Martin and his uncle later testified that the uncle warned Floyd not to make the trip in the dark. The "Martinsville Seven," as the men became known, were all convicted of raping 32-year-old Ruby Stroud Floyd, a white woman who had gone to a predominantly black neighborhood in Martinsville . The group of young men soon got the name The Martinsville Seven. After a long legal battle led by the NAACP and a grassroots campaign led by the Civil Rights Congress, the seven were executed in 1951 on February 2nd and February 5th. All of them were tried by all-White juries. Courtesy of the D.C. Public Library Washington Star Collection Washington Post. Quickly see who the memorial is for and when they lived and died and where they are buried. Two of the men were tried together. By Tamantha / 08.31.2021 Photo: AFP via Getty Images The Martinsville Seven were a group of seven African-American men from Martinsville, Virginia, who were convicted and executed in 1951 for raping a white woman in 1949. 7 Black men were executed for an alleged rape in 1951. That they could be standing there for photos with those smug looks on their faces like they have something to be proud of is just beyond my comprehension ! You need a Find a Grave account to continue. For memorials with more than one photo, additional photos will appear here or on the photos tab. Sorry! They should not have been executed," he added. All they are celebrating is the dismantling of White laws, laws which have held . Newly elected Virginia Governor John S. Battle refused their request for clemency. The photographer is unknown. "The Martinsville Seven were not given adequate due process 'simply for being black,' they were sentenced to death for a crime that a white person would not have been executed for 'simply for being black,' and they were killed, by the Commonwealth, 'simply for being black,'" the advocates wrote in their letter to Northam. Suggest Edits . But, she said, "It's been so long, ain't no need of digging in it now.". (Figures for 1949 are not available, but one-third of the 1,505 rape victims in the state in 2009 were black women. The juries were all white and all male. There was an error deleting this problem. This flower has been reported and will not be visible while under review. We encourage you all to respect the dead and accord the family heartbroken with the loss of a cherished one, some privacy as you leave a message in the comment session. Found more than one record for entered Email, You need to confirm this account before you can sign in. The Martinsville 7, seven African American men sentenced to death for the rape of a white woman in Virginia are shown in a group photograph while in prison in 1950. Northam announced the pardons after meeting with about a dozen descendants of the men and their advocates. Most of the men were between 18 and 20 years old and worked as laborers in small-scale furniture factories and warehouses. Your donation is fully tax-deductible. Governor Battle listened to their claims but was unwilling to bend on the issue of the Seven, saying: "The prisoners have not been convicted because they are Negroes and should not be released because they are Negroes." They argued for lesser sentences, but Battle resisted their pleas. Now, They Have Been Pardoned", A Year of History: Martinsville Seven executions remain 'a raw wound' for many, "Seeking Justice For The Martinsville Seven", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Martinsville_Seven&oldid=1137887829, Frank Hairston Jr., age 20, confessed to rape, Booker T. Millner, age 22, said he was present, but did not take part. %privacy_policy%. Protest letters regarding the Martinsville death sentences and if so, where one were between 18 and 23 gang. Papers of the others because the attack happened at night victim Ruby Stroud Floyd always brought light every! People executed for an alleged rape in 1951 Circuit Court clerk 's office, looks at of. 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