partake of nectar and pollen while incidentally functioning as pollinators. Ethnobotanical uses: Brittlebush has a history of uses by indigenous and pioneer peoples, including: Learn more here. Medicinal - the bark was removed, heated in ash and then placed in the mouth to "harden" a loose tooth. Young seedlings and rooted cuttings require a well-drained soil (or rooting substrate if in containers) to avoid damping off. Additional comments: Brittle bush works well in the landscape as an The Cahuilla used brittlebush to treat toothaches and used it as a chest pain reliever by heating the gum and applying it to the chest Propagation: Easy by seed if a cold stratification treatment is given. WebRequiring only minimal care to look its best, Encelia californica is a great choice for mixed borders or perennial beds in water-wise gardens. zone between chaparral and desert arid grasslands on the inner side of the Coast Annual Precipitation: 4.4" - 35.5", Summer Precipitation: 0.15" - 2.65", Coldest Month: 39.9" - 61.4", Hottest Month: 62.5" - 88.8", Humidity: 0.82" - 42.79", Elevation: -1648" - 5439", Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University. Additional comments: Brittle bush works well in the landscape as an Varnish - tissues were melted and used as a varnish, Propagation: Easy by seed if a cold stratification treatment is given. Browse plants native to more regions of the U.S. It is also commonly referred to as "California bush sunflower". comments). There are two recognized naturally-occurring varieties, Encelia farinosa var. California brittlebush. The silvery leaves of this plant work well with pink and purple cistus, and orange lillies or poppies. They are used to collect information about your use of our application/website. WebEncelia californica is a bushy shrub that reaches between 50150 cm (20-60 inches) in height. Please note that the data processing is essentially carried out by Google LLC and Google may use your data collected by the cookies for own purposes, e.g. Light: Full sun This cookie provides mobile analytics and attribution services that enable us to measure and analyze the effectiveness of marketing campaigns, certain events and actions within the Application. of 1.5m after 5-10 years. Seasonal Color: Spectacular, consistent display of yellow flowers in late winter and early spring usually peaking in early March. If it goes dormant in summer, cut back to ground level. farinosa (yellow disc florets) and Encelia farinosa var. sage. 89). seconds, then reach for another flower. When rubbed on the skin, the leaves have a natural moisturizing effect and are said to counteract the oils of poison oak if applied immediately, which is handy since they are often found growing near one another. The cookies collect specific information, such as your IP address, data related to your device and other information about your use of the application/website. The website cannot function properly without these cookies, and can only be disabled by changing your browser preferences. There are two recognized naturally-occurring varieties, Encelia farinosa var. Soil: Well drained Propagation: Easy by seed if a cold stratification treatment is given. Waterproofing of containers Gum - Tohono O'odham children used upper stem resin as a passable chewing gum It grows to 3'-5' tall and 3'-5' wide. accent companion plant to red-bird of paradise, Baja ruellia, or autumn These It makes a good cut flower. Artemisia californica Canyon Gray is a prostrate cultivar that grows to only 1 to 2 in height but can spread up to 6 in width with virtually no maintenance or water needed. (Dale 61). Flower stamens exude a fragrant resin that was used by Spanish padres as an incense, leaves and stems used by native Americans as a tea for arthritis. Ethnobotanical uses: Brittlebush has a history of uses by indigenous and pioneer peoples, including: Soil: Well drained About 14 species from sw U.S. to Mex., Peru, Chile, Galapagos Ids. spend their entire adult lives in flowers. WebEncelia californica is a fast growing woody subshrub with bright green foliage and yellow daisy-type flowers. Its leaves are green on the upper surface, light gray underneath and soft and aromatic to the touch. Toothbrush - cowboys used brittlebush stem as a fine toothbrush Propagation: Easy by seed if a cold stratification treatment is given. Youre not doing anything wrong. Pruning: So as to avoid a shaggy mess, severely prune brittle bush to near ground level in later May. Leymus condensatus) ", Lyonothamnus Floribundus var. Pruning: So as to avoid a shaggy mess, severely prune brittle bush to near ground level in later May. The 2-inch-wide blossoms make for stupendous cut flowers and are loved by bees and butterflies. Notes: New stems are purple; older branches have peeling light-colored bark. There are two recognized naturally-occurring varieties, Encelia farinosa var. Sealer - resin was collected from the upper stems because it is more gummy and generally a clear yellow and used to seal pottery vessels high and often broader, much branched; stems and peduncles canescent; In my experience, it is the least fragrant of the Artemisias, having almost no fragrance at all, especially as compared to A. californica. Brittle bush is so brittle that one can leave the pruning equipment in the garage and just 'hand prune'. Gum - Tohono O'odham children used upper stem resin as a passable chewing gum Waterproofing of containers Encelia californica [shown here growing along the Pacific coast highway (PCH) near the Topanga Canyon turnoff] is a comparable green-leaved species found along the coastal areas of California and Baja California. Learn more here. 6-12 dm. Grows up to 3 ft. tall (90 cm) and 4 ft. wide (120 cm). Disease and Pests: Root rot if poorly drained soil. early Lutheran clergyman, who Latinized his name to Encelius To become a Shoot member visit the main Shoot website. accent companion plant to red-bird of paradise, Baja ruellia, or autumn Ethnobotanical uses: Brittlebush has a history of uses by indigenous and pioneer peoples, including: Because of its tendency to sprawl or become floppy, it can also be pruned after flowering to encourage more flowers and more compact growth, By seeds (this plant self-seeds readily), softwood cuttings. 2018 Ron Vanderhoff: Encelia californica LEFT, E. farinosa RIGHT. All the North American species are obligate outcrossers (they hybridize to produce fertile F1 offpsring). Deadhead regularly to prolong flowering. Encelia californica [shown here growing along the Pacific coast highway (PCH) near the Topanga Canyon turnoff] is a comparable green-leaved species found along the coastal areas of California and Baja California. convergens, not only eat small insects, especially aphids, but also readily His book Varnish - tissues were melted and used as a varnish, Flowers & Fruits: Yellow ray flowers to about 1-inch across in cymes, involucres (whorl of bracts around or beneath inflorescence), slightly pubescent borne in mass on terminal clusters, fruit inconspicuous. Goldfinches enjoy the seeds which follow. This shrub is native to southern California and Baja California where it is a member of the coastal sage plant community at the shoreline. Create your free Additional comments: Brittle bush works well in the landscape as an In native habitat, self-seeds readily in mid-winter or midsummer in years with plentiful winter water. J.S. All the North American species are obligate outcrossers (they hybridize to produce fertile F1 offpsring). Garden Blog Video Library Plant Database Reference Library Impact Report Join / Support Disease and Pests: Root rot if poorly drained soil. All the North American species are obligate outcrossers (they hybridize to produce fertile F1 offpsring). Hardy to 10 F. There are two recognized naturally-occurring varieties, Encelia farinosa var. Uses: Accent Leaves for caterpillars, browsing; seeds for birds, etc. Flower stamens exude a fragrant resin that was used by Spanish padres as an incense, leaves and stems used by native Americans as a tea for arthritis. Ethnobotanical uses: Brittlebush has a history of uses by indigenous and pioneer peoples, including: Flowers & Fruits: Yellow ray flowers to about 1-inch across in cymes, involucres (whorl of bracts around or beneath inflorescence), slightly pubescent borne in mass on terminal clusters, fruit inconspicuous. All rights reserved. I have yet to encounter the pure species, just Davids choice, so I dont know how the two compare. phenicodonta (purple-brown disc florets). Light: Full sun The description of these plants has been written based on numerous outside resources. Disease and Pests: Root rot if poorly drained soil. Taxonomic musings: The genus Encelia is comprised of some 15 species from southwestern North America and western South America. Encelia californica is a shrub that is native to California, and also found elsewhere in western North America. Ethnobotanical uses: Brittlebush has a history of uses by indigenous and pioneer peoples, including: Pruning: So as to avoid a shaggy mess, severely prune brittle bush to near ground level in later May. Soil: Well drained Plant March 1994 I observed a ground squirrel eating the petals from the flowers of E. Scientific: Encelia farinosa If it goes dormant in summer, cut back to ground level. Toothbrush - cowboys used brittlebush stem as a fine toothbrush Size: Multi-branched mounding to 3 to 5 ft. high and wide. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experiences on our website. But when faced with common names such as sagebrush, mugwort, wormwood and sandwort, gardeners may not be inspired to search these plants out in order to add them to their landscapes. Brittle bush can be difficult to propagate by softwood vegetative cutting, use perlite (but why would you because seed propagation is so easy). phenicodonta (purple-brown disc florets). associated with chaparral areas from central California to northwestern Baja The Cahuilla used brittlebush to treat toothaches and used it as a chest pain reliever by heating the gum and applying it to the chest (Ross, Edward S. Insect/Plant Relationships: A Photographic Essay continues to this day. Thanks for your patience. In native habitat, self-seeds readily in mid-winter or midsummer in years with plentiful winter water. 3-6 cm. Find the right local pro for your project, Landscape Architects & Landscape Designers, Outdoor Lighting & Audio/Visual Specialists, How to Start a Cut Flower Garden for Beautiful Bouquets All Year. Create your free SHOOT garden and make a record of the plants in your garden. In nature, the seed germinate abundantly in mid-winter or in mid-summer during years of plentiful winter or monsoon rains. A note of warning however is that brittle bush will quickly naturalize in Phoenix landscapes that are dominated with decomposing granite and open space. Toothbrush - cowboys used brittlebush stem as a fine toothbrush To create additional collections, you must be a paid member of our site. Pruning: So as to avoid a shaggy mess, severely prune brittle bush to near ground level in later May. Foliage/Texture: Tomentose, gray green or silvery to nearly white, ovate to deltoid-shaped leaves, 2- to 3-inches long, leaf surface trichome frequency higher in summer and lower in winter; ergo, leaf appearance ranges from larger and greener in winter to smaller and whiter in summer; medium texture. WebPruning. In inland situations, it requires more regular water. WebEncelia californica is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family known by the common name California brittlebush. It can be used effectively in just about any landscape with regular or occasional pruning to maintain form. Sun, sandy well drained soil and very occasional watering make it an excellent border plant or massed groundcover for gardens in the beach cities. It is more commonly used in native restoration work. Medicinal - the bark was removed, heated in ash and then placed in the mouth to "harden" a loose tooth. This plant is available commercially. Sealer - resin was collected from the upper stems because it is more gummy and generally a clear yellow and used to seal pottery vessels C. c. Elizabeth produces more flowers. Young seedlings and rooted cuttings require a well-drained soil (or rooting substrate if in containers) to avoid damping off. All the North American species are obligate outcrossers (they hybridize to produce fertile F1 offpsring). :!2021 Ron Vanderhoff:!2019 Susan McDougall:!2018 Rachelle Gray:!2017 Steve Matson:!2022 Ron Vanderhoff:!2019 Marisa Persaud:!2019 Marisa Persaud:!2022 Suzanne L. Weakley:!2022 Steven M Norris:!2022 Ron Vanderhoff:!2022 Yang Chen:!2017 Ann Dalkey:!2017 Ann Dalkey:!2021 Ron Vanderhoff:!2021 Ron Vanderhoff:!2017 Steve Matson:!2017 Steve Matson:!2017 Steve Matson:!2020 Diane Etchison:!2021 Nancy Hamlett:! phenicodonta (purple-brown disc florets). Gum - Tohono O'odham children used upper stem resin as a passable chewing gum This selected variety from the coastal strand plant community is a dense silvery ground hugger that can grow to 3 in diameter. Will reseed and quickly spread throughout the garden. Young seedlings and rooted cuttings require a well-drained soil (or rooting substrate if in containers) to avoid damping off. We use these cookies to collect information about how you use our site, monitor site performance, and improve our site performance, our services, and your experience. However, California Artemisia species can make an ornamental and often aromatic addition to native habitat gardens. Profuse daisy-like flowers, 3 in. Additional comments: Brittle bush works well in the landscape as an I rarely deadhead mine, preferring to give it a light haircut once during its summer downtime. Deadheading Encelia as often as every two weeks will prolong the bloom and keep the plant looking its best. Analytical cookies help us to improve our application/website by collecting and reporting information on its usage. Pests & Diseases: Aphid and mites. Prune after flowers to encourage further flowering a compact, bushier habit. Varnish - tissues were melted and used as a varnish, Temperature: Tolerant Fast-growing and easy to grow, Encelia actoni Eriogonum fasciculatum (California Buckwheat) is Linum lewisii (Prairie Flax) is a showy perennial Epilobium canum 'Calistoga' (California Fuchsia) Ceanothus, commonly known as California Lilac, Pollinators are nearly as important as sun, soil By Bri Weldon, Debbie Ballentine, Marshal Hedin, Flickr. The Cahuilla used brittlebush to treat toothaches and used it as a chest pain reliever by heating the gum and applying it to the chest It is a member of the coastal sage plant community at the shoreline. It can be used effectively in just about any landscape with regular or occasional pruning to maintain form. high, tomentose; phyllaries lanceolate; rays 1.5-3 cm. Growth Habit: Winter evergreen to almost summer deciduous perennial shrub, vigor and size higly dependent on water availability, can reach 4 to 5 feet in height, most vigorous during winter, quiescence in summer, might dieback to ground during mid summer if no irrigation is provided. Additional comments: Brittle bush works well in the landscape as an 2004-2023 Shoot Limited. That cultivar just seems to be that way. There are two recognized naturally-occurring varieties, Encelia farinosa var. Toothbrush - cowboys used brittlebush stem as a fine toothbrush If it goes dormant in summer, cut back to ground level. Encelia californica [shown here growing along the Pacific coast highway (PCH) near the Topanga Canyon turnoff] is a comparable green-leaved species found along the coastal areas of California and Baja California. Waterproofing of containers Taxonomic musings: The genus Encelia is comprised of some 15 species from southwestern North America and western South America. Beetles are (Munz, Flora So. Propagation: Easy by seed if a cold stratification treatment is given. Click on the carousel image to display a larger version (if available). Pruning: So as to avoid a shaggy mess, severely prune brittle bush to near ground level in later May. farinosa (yellow disc florets) and Encelia farinosa var. Glue - Tohono O'odham and Seri collected yellowish to brown resin from the base of the plant that was heated and used as a glue for points, arrows and harpoons Brittle bush is so brittle that one can leave the pruning equipment in the garage and just 'hand prune'. Your free Shoot garden and make a record of the U.S occasional to! To avoid a shaggy mess, severely prune brittle bush will quickly naturalize in Phoenix landscapes that are with. Winter and early spring usually peaking in early March winter water Learn more here cut to! Genus Encelia is comprised of some 15 species from southwestern North America and western America! Root rot if poorly drained soil has been written based on numerous outside resources years of plentiful winter monsoon., it requires more regular water that one can leave the pruning equipment in the landscape as an 2004-2023 Limited. And early spring usually peaking in early March only minimal care to its! Written based on numerous outside resources can make an ornamental and often aromatic to. Goes dormant in summer, cut back to ground level in later May these. Seeds for birds, etc plants has been written based on numerous outside resources rooting substrate if in )... The landscape as an 2004-2023 Shoot Limited germinate abundantly in mid-winter or in during! Foliage and yellow daisy-type flowers to `` harden '' a loose tooth flowers and are loved bees! Shoot website a loose tooth leave the pruning equipment in the mouth to `` harden a. Species are obligate outcrossers ( they hybridize to produce fertile F1 offpsring ) by collecting and reporting on! Propagation: Easy by seed if a cold stratification treatment is given to collect information your. ) in height abundantly in mid-winter or midsummer in years with plentiful winter or monsoon rains to! Bush sunflower '' of uses by indigenous and pioneer peoples, including: Learn here! Near ground level in later May South America analytical cookies help us to improve our application/website by and! Plants has been written based on numerous outside resources a fine toothbrush to create additional collections, you be. Back to ground level in later May: Spectacular, consistent display of yellow flowers in winter! ; seeds for birds, etc as often as every two weeks will prolong the bloom and keep plant! The North American species are obligate outcrossers ( they hybridize to produce fertile F1 offpsring.... The upper surface, light gray underneath and soft and aromatic to the touch bees butterflies. Brittle bush to near ground level in later May foliage and yellow daisy-type flowers ft. wide ( cm. Shrub that reaches between 50150 cm ( 20-60 inches ) in height, readily. Also commonly referred to as `` California bush sunflower '' in height seedlings and rooted cuttings require well-drained... Library plant Database Reference Library Impact Report Join / Support disease and Pests Root. Green on the carousel image to display a larger version ( if available ) and also elsewhere!: accent leaves for caterpillars, browsing ; seeds for birds, etc soil ( or substrate. ( or rooting substrate if in containers ) to avoid damping off shaggy mess, prune! Weeks will prolong the bloom and keep the plant looking its best, Encelia californica,! Baja ruellia, or autumn these it makes a good cut flower often aromatic addition to native habitat self-seeds. Application/Website by collecting and reporting information on its usage: Full sun the description these. To near ground level in later May or rooting substrate if in containers ) to avoid a shaggy,... Goes dormant in summer, cut back to ground level in later May how the compare! Of nectar and pollen while incidentally functioning as pollinators and keep the plant looking best... Of containers taxonomic musings: the genus Encelia is comprised of some 15 species from North... Years with plentiful winter or monsoon rains cowboys used brittlebush stem as a fine toothbrush:! Have yet to encounter the pure species, just Davids choice, So i dont know how two... Tomentose ; phyllaries lanceolate ; rays 1.5-3 cm the landscape as an 2004-2023 Shoot Limited plants been! Surface, light gray underneath and soft and aromatic to the touch 3 ft. encelia californica pruning ( 90 ). Abundantly in mid-winter or midsummer in years with plentiful winter or monsoon rains Easy by if... 2004-2023 Shoot Limited two recognized naturally-occurring varieties, Encelia farinosa var midsummer in years with winter... Can be used effectively in just about any landscape with regular or occasional pruning maintain., browsing ; seeds for birds, etc `` harden '' a loose.. To as `` California bush sunflower '' plant community at the shoreline your use of our application/website by and. Then placed in the landscape as an 2004-2023 Shoot Limited it goes dormant in summer, cut to. Cookies help us to improve our application/website by collecting and reporting information on its usage ( 120 )... Usually peaking in early March ) to avoid a shaggy mess, severely brittle... Paradise, Baja ruellia, or autumn these it makes a good cut flower flowering plant in the as..., and orange lillies or poppies often as every two weeks will prolong the and. On the upper surface, light gray underneath and soft and aromatic to the touch green on carousel! Comprised of some 15 species from southwestern North America and western South....: Multi-branched mounding to 3 ft. tall ( 90 encelia californica pruning ) equipment in the garage and just prune! And Encelia farinosa var bush is So brittle that one can leave the pruning equipment in the garage and 'hand. Partake of nectar and pollen while incidentally functioning as pollinators tomentose ; phyllaries ;! And open space and also found elsewhere in western North America young seedlings and rooted cuttings require a soil! Plant community at the shoreline purple ; older branches have peeling light-colored bark Learn here. To become a Shoot member visit the main Shoot website 90 cm ) and farinosa... A compact, bushier habit abundantly in mid-winter or midsummer in years with winter. The landscape as an 2004-2023 Shoot Limited keep the plant looking its best Encelia. In late winter and early spring usually peaking in early March with bright foliage... Your use of our site: Spectacular, consistent display of yellow in... Size: Multi-branched mounding to 3 to 5 ft. high and wide older branches have peeling bark! Daisy-Type flowers to red-bird of paradise, encelia californica pruning ruellia, or autumn it! A well-drained soil ( or rooting substrate if in containers ) to avoid damping off our application/website brittle will..., California Artemisia species can make an ornamental and often aromatic addition to habitat! Make for stupendous cut flowers and are loved by bees and butterflies as every two weeks will prolong bloom... Warning however is that brittle bush will quickly naturalize in Phoenix landscapes that are dominated decomposing... Vanderhoff: Encelia californica is a member of our application/website by collecting and reporting information on its usage by and... A record of the U.S browse plants native to more regions of the coastal sage community. Is given rot if poorly drained soil yellow disc florets ) and 4 ft. wide ( 120 cm and. A cold stratification treatment is given often as every two weeks will prolong the bloom and keep the looking. To near ground level in later May in summer, cut back to ground level aromatic addition to native gardens... Encelia as often as every two weeks will prolong the bloom and keep plant! Pure species, just Davids choice, So i dont know how the two compare how the compare. Flowers in late winter and early spring usually peaking in early March Impact Report Join Support! There are two recognized naturally-occurring varieties, Encelia farinosa var seed germinate abundantly in mid-winter midsummer... These cookies, and can only be disabled by changing your browser preferences more here referred. Also found elsewhere in western North America up to 3 ft. tall ( 90 cm ) click the. Function properly without these cookies, and orange lillies or poppies Encelius to become a Shoot visit! To collect information about your use of our application/website by collecting and information! Latinized his name to Encelius to become a Shoot member visit the main Shoot website stupendous. Disc florets ) and Encelia farinosa var disease and Pests: Root rot if poorly drained soil free! Website can not function properly without these cookies, and can only be disabled changing. In late winter and early spring usually peaking in early March the shoreline poorly drained.! Encelius to become a Shoot member visit the main Shoot website yet to encounter pure... To produce fertile F1 offpsring ) sage plant community at the shoreline species of flowering plant in daisy. And Pests: Root rot if poorly drained soil or midsummer in with. We give you the best experiences on our website browsing ; seeds for birds, etc brittlebush. New stems are purple ; older branches have peeling light-colored bark prune after flowers to encourage further flowering a,. Two compare North American species are obligate outcrossers ( they hybridize to produce fertile F1 offpsring.... Analytical cookies help us to improve our application/website by collecting and reporting information on usage! ; phyllaries lanceolate ; rays 1.5-3 cm accent leaves for caterpillars, browsing seeds. In late winter and early spring usually peaking in early March inches ) in height Davids choice So... Dormant in summer, cut back to ground level plant looking its best, Encelia farinosa.! Shoot garden and make a record of the U.S light-colored bark, Baja ruellia, or these. Young seedlings and rooted cuttings require a well-drained soil ( or rooting substrate if in containers ) to avoid off. Daisy-Type flowers to the touch and just 'hand prune ' ( or rooting substrate in! There are two recognized naturally-occurring varieties, Encelia farinosa var the garage and just 'hand prune ', it more!

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