[8] Young reported having a strict Puritan-style Christian upbringing. GILBERT, Ariz. (KPHO/Gray News) - A family in Arizona says their child was attacked by an out-of-control dog at an area park last week. [58][59] Several claimants to the role of church president emerged during the succession crisis that ensued. [44], During his time in Nauvoo, Joseph Smith introduced the doctrine of plural marriage among church leaders. [14], By the time Young moved to Mendon in 1828, he had effectively left the Reformed Methodist church and become a Christian seeker, unconvinced that he had found a church possessing the true authority of Jesus Christ. [37] He became the oldest member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles when David Patten died after the Battle of Crooked River. Van Vliet's mission was to inform Young that the US troops then approaching Utah did not intend to attack the Mormons, but intended to establish an army base near Salt Lake City and to request Young's cooperation in procuring supplies for the army. In 1844, after the assassination of Mormon leader Joseph Smith by an angry mob in Illinois, the Mormons choose Brigham Young as their new leader and follow him to a new promised land in Utah. "[172] Young adopted the idea of the Curse of Hama racist interpretation of Genesis 9 which white proponents of slavery in antebellum America used to justify enslaving black people of African descent[173]and applied it liberally and literally. A musket ball intended to dispatch John Taylor's life was instead deflected off of his pocket watch. Young was played by Dean Jagger in the 1940 film Brigham Young. From another planet, Adam brought Eve, one of his wives, with him to the earth, where they became mortal by eating the fruit of the tree of knowledge of good and evil. It's been more than three weeks since the Norfolk Southern Railway train derailed in East Palestine, Ohio, leaking dangerous chemicals into the air, soil and water. [144], The degree of Young's involvement in the Mountain Meadows massacre, which took place in Washington County in 1857, is disputed. Materials are in English. This was partly experienced when Young traveled with his wife, Miriam, and Heber C. Kimball to visit the branch of the church in Columbia. Portrait of Ira Eldredge with his three wives: Nancy Black Eldredge, Hannah Mariah Savage Eldredge, and Helvig Marie Andersen Eldredge. For a view skeptical of the "mantle phenomenon" as historically authentic, see. They converted to the church, including his cousin Willard Richards. The Utah Territory was created by Congress as part of the Compromise of 1850, and as colonizer and founder of Salt Lake City, Young was appointed the territory's first governor and superintendent of American Indian affairs by President Millard Fillmore on February 3, 1851. Young established a gold mint in 1849 and called for the minting of coins using gold dust which had been accumulated from travelers during the Gold Rush. "[189], Mark Twain devoted a chapter and much of two appendices to Young in Roughing It. Of these, 20 percent were 40 or younger. [38] When Joseph Smith arrived in Far West, he appointed Young, along with Thomas Marsh and David Patten, as "presidency pro tem" in Missouri. Brigham Young, ca 1850 Brigham Young was born June 1, 1801 in Whittingham, Vermont. Young, Brigham Born June 1, 1801 Whitingham, Vermont Died August 29, 1877 Salt Lake City, Utah Religious leader Mormon leader Brigham Young led his followers on a trek across the American plains to the Great Salt Lake Valley in present-day Utah. [15] Sometime in 1830, Young was introduced to the Book of Mormon by way of a copy that his brother, Phineas Howe, had obtained from Samuel H. Smith. He was initially skeptical on whether or not the school's administration would allow the speech but received a message of encouragement from the administrator who reviewed his speech, telling him it was great and to . 57-70 He also married in Nauvoo, but did not have children with: Augusta Adams Cobb, Susannah Snively, Eliza Bowker, Ellen A. Rockwood, and Namah K. J. The Mountain Meadows Massacre victimized several groups of emigrants from the northwestern Arkansas region who had started their treks to California in early 1857, joining along the way and becoming known as the BakerFancher party. The horror of rape or sexual assault is traumatizing enough for any victim. [93] These individuals later became known as the Runaway Officials of 1851. In the story line, the organ built and guided west to Salt Lake City by Joseph Harris Ridges (18271914) of Australia becomes mired in the sand. [147], Before his death in Salt Lake City on August 29, 1877,[148] Young was suffering from cholera morbus and inflammation of the bowels. His mother died of tuberculosis in June 1815. Researchers note that not all of the fifty-six marriages were conjugal. [Joseph Smith] was succeeded by one of the outstanding organizers of the 19th century, Brigham Young. Brigham Young served as president until his death on August 29, 1877. John Lyon: the life of a pioneer poet. Brigham Young chosen to lead Mormon Church After Joseph Smith, the founder and prophet of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, or Mormonism, and his brother, Hyrum, were murdered by. Dates. He developed a device for mixing paints, and turned out many chairs, tables, settees, cupboards, and doors. Under his direction, the Mormons built roads and bridges, forts, irrigation projects; established public welfare; organized a militia; issued a "selective extermination" order against male Timpanogos[88] and after a series of wars eventually made peace with the Native Americans. . Later, as Young is generally understood to have taught, Adam returned to the earth to become the biological father of Jesus. By the summer of 1877, Young's health was in decline, but he continued to play an active role in the Mormon church up until the end. He died of appendicitis in August of 1877. The mint was closed in 1861 by Alfred Cumming, gubernatorial successor to Young. Young, himself, was subjected to house arrest for several weeks in 1872 and jailed briefly in March 1875. Historians have come to different conclusions on whether contemporary records support this "transfiguration of Brigham Young" (also sometimes called the "mantle phenomenon") as an authentic experience, whatever its causation. [109] During his tenure, Young oversaw construction of the Salt Lake Tabernacle and announced plans to build the St. George (1871), Manti (1875), and Logan (1877) temples. [60] The majority in attendance voted that the Quorum of the Twelve was to lead the church. Historians still debate the autonomy and precise roles of local Cedar City LDS Church officials in ordering the massacre and Young's concealing of evidence in its aftermath. He refused to sign a temperance pledge, however, stating that "if I sign the temperance pledge I feel that I am bound, and I wish to do just right, without being bound to do it; I want my liberty. the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, priesthood on men of black African descent, issued a "selective extermination" order against male Timpanogos, vast arid West between the Rockies and the Sierra Nevada, List of people pardoned or granted clemency by the president of the United States, "Brigham Young Biography: Facts of Faith", "Brigham Young (18011877) | FamilySearch", 10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0801714, "The Religious and Family Background of Brigham Young", "Setting the Record Straight: Brigham Young's Baptism Date", "The Mantle of the Prophet Joseph Passes to Brother Brigham: One Hundred Twenty-nine Testimonies of a Collective Spiritual Witness", "The Making of a Mormon Myth: The 1844 Transfiguration of Brigham Young", "Utah's new capitol grows from humble beginning; first political sessions were held in council house; fight for statehood", "Open Hand and Mailed Fist: MormonIndian Relations in Utah, 184752", "Looking back at 'Mormon Gold' coins, other historical Utah currencies", "The Beginnings of the University of Utah", "Brigham Young: We Must Believe in Slavery (23 January 1852)", "Education among the Mormons: Brigham Young and the Schools of Utah", "History of the Ladies' Mutual Improvement Association of the Church of Jesus Christ of L.D.S., from November 1869 to June 1910, page 93", "Vol.1, Ch.4: Brigham Young: The Father of Mormon Polygamy", "The People of God Disciplined By TrialsAtonement By the Shedding of BloodOur Heavenly FatherA Privilege Given to All the Married Sisters in Utah", "The Orson PrattBrigham Young Controversies: Conflict Within the Quorums, 1853 to 1868", "Jehovah as the Father: The Development of the Mormon Jehovah Doctrine", "Mormonism and Capital Punishment: A Doctoral Perspective, Past and Present", Comprehensive History of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, "Letter from Bruce R. McConkie to Thomas B. McAffee", https://www.deseret.com/2010/6/18/20122138/mormon-church-statement-on-blood-atonement, "Chapter 3: Mormonism's Negro Doctrine: An Historical Overview", "Brigham Young against a then-fashionable scientific form of racism", "Brigham Young and Priesthood Denial to the Blacks: An Alternate View", "The Mormon Church Disavows Its Racist Past But Still Offers No Apology", "The Mormon Reformation of 1856-1857: The Rhetoric and the Reality", "The causes of the Mormon reformation of 1856-57", "Mormonism and Capital Punishment: A Doctrinal Perspective, Past and Present", "Reopening a Mormon Murder Mystery; New Accusations That Brigham Young Himself Ordered an 1857 Massacre of Pioneers", Brigham Young to Isaac C. Haight, September 10, 1857, "Art: Sculpture Statues: Brigham Young", "The Possessive Investment in Rightness: White Supremacy and the Mormon Movement", "People & Events Polygamy and the Church: A History", "Descendants of Brigham Young to Hold Annual Mass Meetings", "Brigham Young's descendants give rocking chair to Mormon church", "Mahonri Young | Smithsonian American Art Museum", "From Sherlock Holmes to Godzilla: The Mormon Image in Comics", "The Necessity of the Saints Living up to the Light Which Has Been Given Them", The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints titles, Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies, Presidents of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brigham_Young&oldid=1142007408, American general authorities (LDS Church), American Mormon missionaries in the United Kingdom, Recipients of American presidential pardons, Presidents of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (LDS Church), Apostles of the Church of Christ (Latter Day Saints), Burials at the Mormon Pioneer Memorial Monument, Latter Day Saint biography Infobox with missing parameters, Pages using infobox Latter Day Saint biography with unsupported parameters, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2021, Harold B. Lee Library-related 19th century articles, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Initial organization of Quorum of the Twelve, This page was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 01:13. "[14] Brooks writes, "While Brigham Young and other church authorities did not specifically order the massacre, they did preach sermons and set up social conditions that made it possible." The practice of plural marriage brought first heavy persecution and then legislation against the Saints. Lee was arrested on November 7, 1874. . He worked as a carpenter, glazier, and painter. John Turner's biography states: "it remains unclear whether Young [] had sanctioned the bogus-making operation. [25][26] Prior to his execution, Lee claimed that he was a scapegoat for others involved: I have always believed, since that day, that General George A. Smith was then visiting Southern Utah to prepare the people for the work of exterminating Captain Fancher's train of emigrants, and I now believe that he was sent for that purpose by the direct command of Brigham Young. Young instructed victims of anti-Mormon violence on the outskirts of Nauvoo to move to Nauvoo. This will always be so. The trailer hinted through his clenched fist and extreme headshot that they will resurface again. After meeting Joseph Smith, Young joined the Church of Christ in April 9, 1832. Chris Evans, Mark Ruffalo and More Avengers Praise Little Boy Who Saved Sister in Dog Attack. He instituted a ban prohibiting conferring the priesthood on men of black African descent, and led the church in the Utah War against the United States. Young also served a year-long mission to the United Kingdom. Only children under the age of seven, who were cared for by local Mormon families, survived, and the murdered members of the wagon train were left unburied. Seventeen children who were too young to remember the attack were spared. [183][184][185], Brigham Young appears at the end of the bande dessine Le Fil qui chante, the last in the Lucky Luke series by Ren Goscinny. Brigham Young ( / brm /; June 1, 1801 - August 29, 1877) was an American leader in the Latter Day Saint movement and a settler of the Western United States. [27][28], At a conference on February 14, 1835, Brigham Young was named and ordained a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. [12] In 1828, the family moved briefly to Oswego, New York on the shore of Lake Ontario, and in 1828 to Mendon, New York. Brooks has argued the massacre was an overreaction by Mormon militia forces which resulted in the death of settlers and the tarnishing of the Church's reputation. We only index and link to content provided on other servers. Joe . [23] In 1870, Young excommunicated some of the participants, including Haight and Lee, from the LDS Church. As Governor of the Utah Territory, Brigham Young pushed for the admission of Utah as a state, sending dozens of representatives to the nation's capitol to urge that action. ", invoking the name of the late Joseph Smith Jr, founder of the Latter Day Saint movement. [74] Young arrived in the Salt Lake Valley on July 24, 1847, a date now recognized as Pioneer Day in Utah. Conditions Governing Access. Alan Willson ran from his home in Worthing, West Sussex, after his son called him to say he was being attacked. Joseph had been a Reformed Methodist preacher and the two made a similar "preaching circuit" in eastern Canada. In the Season 5 mid-season finale, "False Prophets", Young's son, Phineas, attempts to murder his father. [73] By the time Young arrived at the final destination, it had come under American control as a result of war with Mexico, although U.S. sovereignty would not be confirmed until 1848. Through most of the nineteenth century, the American West was considered the land of opportunity. Provo, Utah Area. At the north end of the Beehive House was a family store, at which Young's wives and children had running accounts and could buy what they needed. [170] His manuscript history from January 5, 1852, which was published in the Deseret News, reads: The negro . Young did not immediately accept the divine claims of the Book of Mormon. One of the comments on this movie was that Joseph Smith had appointed his son, Joseph Smith Jr., to be the next prophet which has been a topic of debate since the death of Joseph Smith. Eventually, he decided to embrace the practice of his mentor, Joseph Smith, and he married as many as 56 women, according to Utah.gov. This colored race have been subjected to severe curses which they have brought upon themselves. Young had many nicknames during his lifetime, among the most popular being "American Moses"[156] (alternatively, "Modern Moses" or "Mormon Moses"),[157][158] because, like the biblical figure, Young led his followers, the Mormon pioneers, in an exodus through a desert, to what they saw as a promised land. Young's father, two brothers, and sister had already moved to Mendon before he did. These wives bore him children after they moved to Utah. He also helped organize the local forensic and oratorical society. [103] Young said, "I hope to see an Academy established in Provo at which the children of the Latter-day Saints can receive a good education unmixed with the pernicious atheistic influences that are found in so many of the higher schools of the country. He also led the Anointed Quorum. At Lee's sentencing, as required by Utah Territory statute, he was given the option of being hung, shot, or beheaded, and he chose to be shot. [11] After his rest, Haslam picked up the reply from Young and was instructed to return to Cedar City with the letter quickly and not to "spare horseflesh."[11]. Brigham Young was born on June 1, 1801, in Whitingham, Vermont, to John and Abigail Young. [135] The Mormon Reformation called for a spiritual reawakening among members of the church, and took place largely in the Utah Territory. Harriet Amelia Folsom was Wife No. At the time of his death on August 23, 1877, Young had married 56 women-19 predeceased him, 10 divorced him, 23 survived him, and 4 are unaccounted for. The Center for Family History and Genealogy was established at Brigham Young University in order to utilize BYU resources to simplify the process of finding of ancestors and the discovery of the world in which they lived. Wagonmaster Luke Winner (Morgan Woodward) feels compelled to leave the instrument behind until Ridges finds solid rock under the sand. History of Brigham Young, entry dated 5 Jan. 1852, in Church Historians Office Records Collection, LDSCA. Young is the longest-serving president of the LDS Church to date, having served for 29 years. Many cities and towns in Utah, and some in neighboring states, were founded under Young's direction. [150] On September 2, 1877, Young's funeral was held in the Tabernacle with an estimated 12,000 to 15,000 people in attendance. Since Young's death, a number of works have published collections of his discourses and sayings. Open for public research. Joseph! During the 1870s Lee,[22] Dame, Philip Klingensmith, Ellott Willden, and George Adair, Jr. were indicted and arrested; warrants were obtained to pursue the arrests of four others (Haight, John Higbee, William C. Stewart, and Samuel Jukes) who had successfully gone into hiding. Brigham Young tried to stop the massacre. 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