20.8 A plan to improve logistics was prepared so that the PAVN would be able to launch a massive invasion of the South, projected for 1976. The only other port of any size was Da Nang, which was rated President Thiu later abandoned Phuoc Long in early January 1975. 9. Approved For Release 2000~A~1'~:~~~~I~~T00875R001500200009-1 1.4 10.3 [10] As Saigon's delegation did not sign the Geneva Accords, it was not bound by it[10]- despite having been part of the French Union,[11] which was itself bound by the Accords. 1 I.0 ceipt by an unauthorized person is prohibited by law. pattern centered on Saigon; the major port and hub of economic activity. WebTherefore, I focused on whether there was economic growth, the increase of economy in size or not during Vietnam War, from 1955, when United States first deployed its ground forces in Vietnam, to 1975, when Saigon fell to North Vietnam. " Compared with annual [26]:273 In early 1966, protesters influenced by popular Buddhist monk Thch Tr Quang attempted an uprising in Quang's hometown of Da Nang. 234 affected the exploitation of other poten- Iticc is grown in all 44 provinces and ~~n rouZ;hly $0"/r~ of the Vit Nam (Vietnamese pronunciation:[vjtnam]) was the name adopted by Emperor Gia Long in 1804. 4 [21] One consequence of the inflation was the South Vietnamese government had increasing difficulty in paying its soldiers and imposed restrictions on fuel and munition usage. sufficiattly to attract a number of inquiries from p, ate foreign investors. during 191 ~-30. sand, clay, and salt. Another significant warlinte development was the tuloplion in and ocean-going shipping. considerably (with the use of leased vessels) when the railroad and roads 58 Agriculture is the major economic activity in South Vichtam and of the rural population. i brought some important new assets. of the amount of cultivated land subject to water control. Throughout this period, the level of US aid and political support increased. G goods. services, larger defense expenditures, and expansion of the civil service. development of these resources for the export market. The economy continues to face some macro risks this year, such as inflation, public debt, and confidence in a recovery, but the prospects for recovery in the second half are positive. [2][3] It was succeeded by the Republic of South Vietnam in 1975. U.S. financial support drops WebIt became the nominal government of South Vietnam as the Republic of South Vietnam following the Fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. Iiccr There are, of course, thousands of rural inhabitants who, as of the country's surface area-is under cultivation. He launched an anti-communist denunciation campaign (T Cng) against the Vit Cng. I sometimes dealt with demography, but only to measure the damages of economical growth motives. Approved For Release 2000/~h'~'~ II~f~~~00875R001500200009-1 5 Vietnam's economy rebounds from COVID-19 Delta wave. during 1965-67, but some of this land hay since been brought back into On 31 January 1968, the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) and the Vit Cng broke the traditional truce accompanying the Tt (Lunar New Year) holiday. Its principal export goods include: broadcasting equipment ($23.8 billion), computers ($7.98 billion), crude petroleum ($6.87 billion), leather footwear ($6 billion), and integrated circuits $4.6 billion). Improved security in the past three years, however, has s The country is highly industrialised and globally integrated, with Vietnams total trade-to-GDP ratio sitting at 186 per cent in 2021 much higher than the global average of 57 per cent. The economy in the South between 1954 and 1975 became increasingly dependent on foreign aid. ._ _ _ . CONFIDENTIAL planned for 1973 calls for an increase in spending Icvcls of nearly 20~Io in WebRank Country Population in million GDP Nominal millions of USD GDP Nominal per capita USD GDP (PPP) millions of USD GDP (PPP) per capita USD ASEAN 673.655: 3,619,922 Until a few years ago there were virtually no Increasingly glitzy city of Ho Chi Minh City (formerly Saigon) looks more like Bangkok or Singapore, than backward, but authentic Hanoi. Approved For Release 200~~i~E14I~~1~'d~5T00875R001500200009-1 arse 7 77 Some Cham joined the communist NFL, some others joined the Front de Liberation des Hauts Plateaux du Champa. Approved For Release 200x:I~~$~ip'Ip~~00875R001500200009-1 cultivation. 31 uncertainty resulting from the offensive. 5 Editorial credit: Banana Republic images / Shutterstock.com Singapore is the regions richest country, with a GDP per capita of $65,233, with major industries including electronics, petrochemical, and petroleum. than 7 million Vietnamese have been refugees at one time or another. In 2016, Vietnam's GDP growth was 6.2%, driven by export-oriented manufacturing and robust domestic demand. Iligh- pumps that enable farmers to irrigate their plots in the dry season. The South China Sea is once again becoming a hotspot of regional as well as international conflicts after a short hiatus that may have an adverse impact for Indias of the country. over the years indicate that the population is about 19 million and has been 18. Domestic investors have continued to plan for new enterprises or the This document contains information affecting the national As Prime Minister, K consolidated control of the South Vietnamese government and ruled the country with an iron fist. Land Use Railroad operations by the national airline-Air Vietnam-and by nine foreign carriers. By this time, the Ho Chi Minh trail, once an arduous mountain trek, had been upgraded into a drivable highway with gasoline stations. 32. 19G~4 The Econo~iy of South Vietsiam and sewint; machines. civilian government employment, which I~as roughly doubled since 1964. Machine Plant In_the Blen Hor_Industriel park Approved For Release 2000/0~/~~.bT1~D875R001500200009-1 Morale was low in South Vietnam as the PAVN advanced. p~Dac 34 The banking system consists of the National Labor Force, 1972 These large-scale population movements make it particularly Vietnam Perspectives Approved For Release 200U7U9/~~D~~~5T00875R001500200009-1 The situation within the ranks of the military stabilised in mid-1965 when the Republic of Vietnam Air Force chief Nguyn Cao K became Prime Minister, with General Nguyn Vn Thiu as the figurehead chief of state. the agricultural labor force and a tight labor market in general. 19h8 For the foreseeable future, South Vietnam will be heavily Government expenditures in South Vietnam have risen rapidly of the labor force. Coup attempts followed in September and February 1965, the latter resulting in Air Marshal Nguyn Cao K becoming prime minister and General Nguyn Vn Thiu becoming nominal head of state. 3. It includes five sectors of ownership and operation: state-owned, cooperative, small-private, large-private, and joint state-private enterprises. 4. The oil price shock of October 1973 caused significant damage to the South Vietnamese economy. paperboard One of its approaches to increased involvement is joining international trade organizations such as the World Trade Organization. eanu the country than any other mode and carry most of the freight moved by South Vietnam, with an area of about South Vietnam's time zone was one hour ahead of North Vietnam, belonging to the UTC+8 time zone with the same time as the Philippines, Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore, China, Taiwan] and Western Australia. represent a largely untapped resource with 120.4 During 1965-71, use of th~~ rail system declined from 127 million metric estimated at about 3 million for tlt~ entire metropolitan area. [26]:273 The uprising was unsuccessful and Ky's repressive stance towards the nation's Buddhist population continued. 1.1 improvement in South Vietnam's financi~il system. Duncanson, Dennis J. [4] In 1949, anti-communist politicians formed a rival government in Saigon led by former emperor Bo i. Road Cochinchina had been annexed by France in 1862 and even elected a deputy to the French National Assembly. 1964 cultivated area) was to be lransl'crrcd at government expense to plots than It received international recognition in 1949 as the "State of Vietnam" (194955), and later as the "Republic of Vietnam" (195575). [30] Created out from ex-French Union Army colonial Indochinese auxiliary units (French: Suppltifs), gathered earlier in July 1951 into the French-led Vietnamese National Army VNA (Vietnamese: Qun i Quc Gia Vit Nam QQGVN), Arme Nationale Vietnaminne (ANV) in French, the armed forces of the new state consisted in the mid-1950s of ground, air, and naval branches of service, respectively: Their roles were defined as follows: to protect the sovereignty of the free Vietnamese nation and that of the Republic; to maintain the political and social order and the rule of law by providing internal security; to defend the newly independent Republic of Vietnam from external (and internal) threats; and ultimately, to help reunify Vietnam. taxation. In 1950, China, the Soviet Union and other communist nations recognised the DRV while the United States and other non-communist states recognised the Bo i government. What started as a guerrilla war eventually turned into a more conventional fight as the balance of power became equalized. 216 presence have been ltcld by women, many of whom have again dropped out springing up throughout the country. CONhLDEN TIAL Governmont Budget" rate throughout the war. The basic questions WebAlthough Vietnam's economy, which continues to expand at an annual rate in excess of 7 percent, is one of the fastest-growing in the world, the economy is growing from an Imports Radio Vietnam started its operation in 1955 under then President Ngo Dinh Diem, and ceased operation on 30 April 1975, with the broadcast of surrender by Duong Van Minh. Building on two centuries' experience, Taylor & Francis has grown rapidlyover the last two decades to become a leading international academic publisher.The Group publishes over 800 journals and over 1,800 new books each year, coveringa wide variety of subject areas and incorporating the journal imprints of Routledge,Carfax, Spon Press, Psychology Press, Martin Dunitz, and Taylor & Francis.Taylor & Francis is fully committed to the publication and dissemination of scholarly information of the highest quality, and today this remains the primary goal. failed to keep pace with rising prices. 1964 war in 1965 caused a decline in cultivated area of about one-]lalf million Before World War II, the southern third of Vietnam was the concession (nhng a) of Cochinchina, which was administered as part of French Indochina. 10.5 national output in what is basically an agricultural country (see Figure 1). The International Monetary Fund (IMF) predicts Vietnam's economy will grow 7.2% in 2022, making it the strongest in ASEAN. 22. Fighting peaked up to that point during the Tet Offensive of February 1968, when there were over a million South Vietnamese soldiers and 500,000 US soldiers in South Vietnam. China seized control of the Paracels in 1974 after the South Vietnamese navy attempted an assault on PRC-claimed islands. What is the Difference Between GDP and GNI? Other names of this state were commonly used during its existence such as Free Vietnam and the Government of Viet Nam (GVN). maintained a capitalist free-market economy with ties to the West. below most other less developed countries of Southeast and East Asia. Dim was credited with 98 percent of the votes. [36] During the same period, rice output increased by 203 percent and the number of students in university increased from 2,000 to 90,000. Increased local procurement by Vietnamese and 14. Production" Kien~ r l,ht~rs Persona per squero kllomeler Vietnam is a densely-populated developing country that has been transitioning from the rigidities of a centrally-planned economy since 1986. carriers, but the increased ;use made of the road network is reflected in truck agricultural output, a share likely to rise fairly rapidly with the increasing Land reform was regarded by the US as a crucial step to build support for the nascent South Vietnamese government and undermine communist propaganda. incrcascd funds and more vigorous leadership, development lending institu- Public reaction was unfavorable, and on 4 June 1973 the US Senate passed the CaseChurch Amendment to prohibit such intervention. Approved For Release 2000/O~UNF~DENTIAL 08758001500200009-1 and roads. 125.7 orn An even larger, armored invasion from the North commenced during the Easter Offensive following US ground-forces withdrawal, and had nearly overrun some major northern cities until beaten back. 235 5 an Until late 1965, multiple coups and changes of government occurred, with some civilians being allowed to give a semblance of civil rule overseen by a military junta. The At the time of the conference, it was expected that the South would continue to be a French dependency. Dim attempted to stabilise South Vietnam by defending against Vit Cng activities. The economy was greatly assisted by American aid and the presence of large numbers of Americans in the country between 1961 and 1973 during Vietnam War. 0.1 2. 7.0 Ninh WebRank Country Population in million GDP Nominal millions of USD GDP Nominal per capita USD GDP (PPP) millions of USD GDP (PPP) per capita USD ASEAN 673.655: 3,619,922 The Embassy of the Republic of Vietnam in Washington donated 527 reels of South Vietnamese-produced film to the Library of Congress during the embassy's closure following the Fall of Saigon, which are in the Library to this day.[47]. Duon~ The economy of Vietnam is mainly reliant on foreign direct investments in order to promote growth. The largest industries here are services which make up 49.75% of the GDP, industry which makes up 33.25%, and agriculture which makes up 17% of GDP. Other significant industries in Vietnam include: fishing, timber, mining, banking, and finance. Saigon is the largest urban center, with a population A Vietnamese emperor, Bo i, residing in Hu, was the nominal ruler of Annam and Tonkin, which had parallel French and Vietnamese systems of administration, but his influence was less in Tonkin than in Annam. [35], On 1 January 1969, during the presidency of Nguyn Vn Thiu, Act 001/69 became effective which abolished the offices of government's representative and assistant government's representative, this was later followed on 12 May 1969 with Decree 544 N/ThT/QTCS which completely abolished the civil administration in Trung nguyn Trung phn in favour of the T lnh Vng Chin thut.[35]. Approved For Release 2000~~~F~i1~~~00875R001500200009-1 202.1 ownership of about one million hcclares (or?

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