So, in tight cultures, domain-relevant knowledge is very important for creativity, and thus, particularly enforced through norms with this particular combination of cultural values. themselves and their families. c. Guanxi b. For example, the Chinese culture does not comprise the same set of cultural values as the Indian culture; and the same is true for the American culture compared to the French one. Their share of authority is increasing commensurately with their education. d. They receive fewer benefits than their male counterparts. Quality of life is very important. She wonders how he can sleep at night without worrying about the future. When Lars talks to his friend Jane, he sometimes gets confused. _____. Here the reader can also find a broad explanation about the different types of masculinity founded by some important sociologists and researchers on this topic. Gender roles are the composites of behaviors typical of the male or female in a given culture. c. they have not had satisfactory on-the-job training. c. People are less threatened by one another. Difference feminisms have been criticized as being essentialist. d. the self-interest of human beings is the government's providence, a. individuals should not be used as a means to an end. b. Feminine traits valued by them include loyalty, understanding, sensitivity to others' needs, and compassion." As expected, many associate traditional femininity with the roles of mother and housewife. b. a. (2018), people live in exciting times in which the neoconservative cultural and political atmosphere has fostered a plethora of feminist goals, methods, and collaborations aimed at reforming the gender-power relations impacting women's rights and . a. individuals should not be used as a means to an end In the context of age diversity, which of the following statements is true of younger workers? Empower Innovators. In the case of Jane and Lars, and masculine and feminine cultures in general, the differences are also in the verbs used and the things that are stressed. b. collectivism Monochronic vs. Polychronic Communication Styles | What Are Chronemics? Since then, it's become an internationally recognized standard for understanding cultural differences. a. \text { Cost } & \$ 8 \text { per pound } & \$ 12 \text { per hour } & Hispanic American workers in the United States? d. employees judge each other on a basis of equality. d. place more importance on independence and creativity. In contrast, a feminine culture will 'work to live' and focus more on relationships, nurturance and quality of life. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. He might talk to potential clients about the way their system will build community within the business and how it will help support workers. Comentrios: 0. b. a powerful influence on corporate America. c. It fails to aid marketing efforts. d. Both are characterized by traditional masculinity. We collected 205 different studies testing for individual creativity in the workplace, which resulted in 584 tests in 656,254 independent samples across 38 different countries. d. Fact-based theories, Corporations and business enterprises tend to subscribe to _____. This is best describe by the commonly used phrase "Americans live to work, while Europeans work to live. d. titles are used and formality is the rule, b. managers and employees judge each other on a basis of equality, Unlike in societies with a high power distance, in societies with a low power distance, _____. It helped me pass my exam and the test questions are very similar to the practice quizzes on Study.com. It defines a real man as someone who is tough, controlled, dominant, rational, sex-obsessed and entitled to respect. A high masculine culture is characterized by focusing on money, possessions, and traditional family values. She seems so focused on competition and making money, which Lars doesn't care about. It poses resistance to change. In cultures characterized by traditional femininity, assertiveness and materialism are valued. A score of 100 in Long term orientation shows that South Koreans live their lives guided by virtues and practical good examples. a. They tend to strive for moral rights in the workplace. Titles are used. b. do not take risks. Some consequences: Ethical conduct at the organizational level can translate into social responsibility at the individual level. d. They strive for moral rights in the workplace. would it make and sell? Most prominently the effect of individualism or collectivism on the efficacy of the three different antecedents to creativity. Power Distance (high versus low), individualism versus collectivism, masculinity versus femininity, and uncertainty avoidance index (high versus low). b. Goal setting is a more Masculine trait, while so-called Growing Insight is much more a Feminine trait. a. are less committed to their organization Through a meta-analysis, we synthesized prior research to come to one final overarching conclusion by pulling all prior findings. (0)1.39.67.70.00, Article by Michel Lander based on his latest publication, ", Why Companies Need to Pay Attention to Their Legitimacy, Career Resilience, Your Hidden Asset for Professional Success, Shaheena Janjuha-Jivraj (education Track - Doha Campus). Let's go back to Lars and Jane. See2-2:CulturalDifferencesandWork-. Step 3/3. As a current work of Pasifika cinema, Vai (2019) offers important considerations on the nature of transnationality, cultural identity, and water as a connective theme amongst diffuse oceanic communities. Masculinity is seen to be the trait which emphasizes ambition, acquisition of wealth, and differentiated gender roles. d. favor consensus instead of dissenting viewpoints, _____ is a cultural orientation in which assertiveness and materialism are valued. d.Prejudice is an attitude, whereas discrimination describes behavior. 78350Jouy-en-Josas - +33. True a. Please check back soon for updates. Gender and Identity: Gender is a learned social construct that will differ according to one's individual cultural surroundings. a. This is true of many different types of cultural differences. So many factors come into play, so much more than merely your gender." (Laura, 34, Caucasian, Australia) "It's hard to put into words, but I think a lot has to do with how you're raised, and your family . They are based on Immanuel Kant's categorical imperative. South Korea scores 39 on this dimension and is thus considered a Feminine society. c. consequential ethics attitudes, roles, norms of behavior, hierarchy of values typical of the male and female sex in each specific society. a. True b. Individualism a. Stereotypes may prevent managers from developing synergies to benefit the organization. a. Cultural feminism attributes to those differences distinctive and superior virtues in women. d. They struggle to integrate into a cohesive group. b. c. Pitchfork managers 7. Hofstede studied people who worked for IBM in more than 50 countries. It can be said that Mr. Okazaki is an expatriate manager. b. c. they have not had satisfactory on-the-job training. Formality is not an obligation. She'll talk to potential clients about the way that their system will give the business an edge over the competition and how it will make workers accountable for their own successes. Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions: Theory, Purpose & Types | What is Cultural Dimension? Culture is made up of the customs, beliefs, and rules of society. They are comfortable with individual differences. b. d. Power distance. In other words, people can be classified as either masculine or feminine. c. to harness the wealth of differences provided by cultural diversity. Try out our new practice tests completely free! d. an unethical act. Examples of Cultural Dimensions. We find Mexico in this case, among the low performing countries. Michel Lander's research interests include organizational theory, the influence of organizational design on objective functions, Professional Service 1 Rue de la Libration Transcribed image text: (2) Hofstede's masculinity versus femininity dimension looked at the relationship between gender and work roles and found that in (a) feminine cultures, sex roles were sharply differentiated, and traditional "feminine values" determined cultural ideals. It enhances organizational flexibility. and formality is the rule. False, UTA Mana 3318 - Practice Quiz - Chapter 03, Anderson's Business Law and the Legal Environment, Comprehensive Volume, David Twomey, Marianne Jennings, Stephanie Greene, Operations Management: Sustainability and Supply Chain Management, Information Technology Project Management: Providing Measurable Organizational Value, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson. This resource can be used as way of raising awareness in students, The professor can used it as a proof while using the images that are in in top. Which of the following is true in societies with low power distance? extended families or clans. c. women should be tough They seek to fit harmoniously within a group. Prepare an unadjusted trial balance for April Layton, Architect, as of June 30, 2012. a. the quality of life is not considered important Cultural feminism is a variety of feminism which emphasizes essential differences between men and women, based on biological differences in reproductive capacity. According to Toffoletti et al. difficulties and high crime rates in large cities because: Any one personwoman or manengages in many forms of femininity and masculinity, which she or he adopts (consciously or unconsciously) depending on . Culture is made up of the customs, beliefs, and rules of society. c. are more satisfied with their jobs Overall, we find that cultures are not more or less creative than one another, rather their cultural values and their enforcement through norms determine whether a country realizes its creativity through creative relevant skills, task motivation or domain-relevant knowledge. Even within so-called masculine cultures, which stress the stereotypical gender roles, there are women who are more focused on competition and achievement and men who are focused on nurturing people. What happens if Jane is talking to a business with a more feminine culture or Lars is talking to a business with a more masculine culture? d. They are an underutilized human resource. Production in the molding department is limited by the amount of materials available. b. Guanxi Femininity is seen to be the trait which stress caring and nurturing behaviors, sexuality equality, environmental awareness, and more fluid gender roles. d. People believe in minimizing inequality. It leads to lack of cohesiveness. d. It helps in solving interpersonal conflicts. Her prior preoccupation was to represent the 'new woman' of the Weimar Republic with new social role and given freedoms. The terms refer to the traits or characteristics typically associated with being male or female, respectively. _____ includes crude comments or sexual jokes and behaviors that convey hostility toward a particular gender. The combination of tenacity and discipline, with inspiration and out of the box thinking is striking. Femininity is a feeling. 1 For instance, female and male politicians are portrayed using traits based on their respective gender roles in society (e.g., Kahn, 1994; Kittilson & Fridkin, 2008).Mass media affect citizens' perceptions of candidates' traits (e.g., Eberl et al., 2017) and influence . b. money and possessions are of paramount importance False, In societies with low power distance, bosses are afforded more authority, which is seldom bypassed, titles are used, As a result, the needs of individuals dictate social behaviors, rather than the needs of larger groups. The feminist perspective focused on the discourse and gained much greater momentum the during pre-colonial and colonial period. Which of the following is a similarity between prejudice and discrimination? d.Prejudice is an attitude, whereas discrimination describes behavior. A few common characteristics of individualistic cultures include: Being dependent upon others is often considered shameful or embarrassing. They are comfortable with individual differences. c. They discourage employees from collaborating. 10+ million students use Quizplus to study and prepare for their homework, quizzes and exams through 20m+ questions in 300k quizzes. c. They earn less than 30 percent of all the master's degrees in the United States. c. Character theories Jennifer Lombardo received both her undergraduate degree and MBA in marketing from Rowan University. d. men are assumed to be tender and modest, whereas women are assumed to be tough and decisive, c. men and women are expected to assume both assertive and nurturing roles, _____ is defined as all forms of difference among individuals, including culture, gender, age, ability, religion, Clown fish. _____ are managers who work in a country other than their home country. c. They are concerned with security and tend to avoid conflict. Prior research on creativity has often looked at the effect of cultural values in isolation. Both men and women are expected to be nurturing and focused on people and quality of life. In the Ibo culture the gender difference plays an important role in Umofian people's daily life, and has become one of the centric themes of Achebe's book. Analyzes how race as a factor complicates positive views. Abstract . wrongs. d. they are the most underutilized talents of the workforce. Gulf University for Science & Technology, Mubarak Al-Abdullah, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kampar, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, 129 Answer True False Explanation 130Antigens that evoke the production of both, Working with Culturally Diverse Clients.docx, Question 3 Importance of organisations investing in promoting a healthier work, SNHU 107 Final Project I Academic Mission Statement and Goals Template.docx, mark What is the temperature rise when 2100 J of energy is supplied to 100 g of, 5 One of the reasons that the Federal Reserve can take such dramatic actions to, Proposal-Effectss of divorce on children social development (1).docx, HCM 320 Module 1- Journal (Comparing Health Outcome in Adjoining Counties).docx, The Steps in the Scientific Method Part 4 Identifying Parts of a Typical Journal. b. Rule-based theories \hline \text { Chatty Chelsey } & 2 \text { pounds per doll } & 15 \text { minutes per doll } & \$ 39 \text { per doll } \\ strongly on others and group decisions are valued and accepted. a. d. good consequences do not always follow right actions. b. They were not affected by the Great Recession. Trompenaars' Cultural Dimensions Model & Examples | 7 Dimensions of Culture, Cross-Cultural Interactions & Relationships in Agile Organizations, Individualistic vs. Collectivistic Cultures | Concept, Differences & Examples. Masculine and feminine cultures have different characteristics and distinct communication styles. Importantly, emphasized femininity also falls under the umbrella of "hegemonic femininities," or "the most celebrated cultural ideals of womanhood in a given time and place that serve to uphold and legitimate all axes of oppression in the matrix of domination simultaneously" (Hamilton et al., 2019, p. 322). c. the fairness of the process by which outcomes are allocated. Research shows that people in general are slightly more feminine in their behavior traits than they are masculine, Cummings said. All Rights Reserved. However, we find clear differences if we focus on what we call cultural bundles. b. universal moralism Goal setting is a more masculine trait. c. are concerned with security and tend to avoid conflict Initially, he identified four dimensions that . False, In cultures characterized by traditional femininity, assertiveness and materialism are valued. It completely compliments the entire room as an accent chair perfectly. d. The character of an act is the focus of this ethical concept. a. His theory says that cultures can be categorized by gender based on how they stress the balance between individual achievement and social nurturing. a. Communication within feminine societies, in contrast, often focuses on community support, socialization, and fulfillment. At the beginning of 2016, the companys ownership interest in the common stock of Milken Properties increased to the point that it became appropriate to begin using the equity method of accounting for the investment. b. employees refrain from bypassing the boss April Layton, an architect, opened an office on June 1, 2012. I feel like its a lifeline. Sexual exploitation a. b. Procedural justice concerns: Power distance a. their get paid drastically less than other ethnic groups. The organization delivers leading edge programs and platforms for individuals and companies -- designed to empower professionals, boost competitiveness and cultivate partnerships, globally. False, The glass ceiling is the degree to which a culture tolerates ambiguity and uncertainty. 6. c. communalism She might use verbs that are focused on doing, creating, streamlining, and producing, for example. Their areas of expertise include: U.S. histories of gender, sexuality, and empire; feminist political economy; reproductive politics; and the carceral state. Both help in minimizing inequality. Based on recent and established research on the topic, three researchers applied a meta-analytical research technique to find out how certain cultural values and their level of enforcement determine the ways people best achieve creativity in a given country. Explore our library and get Management Homework Help with various study sets and a huge amount of quizzes and questions, Find all the solutions to your textbooks, reveal answers you wouldt find elsewhere, Scan any paper and upload it to find exam solutions and many more, Studying is made a lot easier and more fun with our online flashcards, Try out our new practice tests completely, 2020-2023 Quizplus LLC. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. Lars, on the other hand, is likely to describe their system in very different terms. They are based on Smith's doctrine of natural liberty. It welcomes change. Women's compensation may not increase commensurately with their education. Currently, the sports sector is proactively working to change the image of women in sports. Dr. c. It fails to aid marketing efforts. Like any other country, Sweden also has its own. c. People are highly threatened by one another. a.the quality of life is not considered important b.money and possessions are of paramount importance c.men and women are expected to assume both assertive and nurturing roles d.men are assumed to be tender and modest, whereas women are assumed to be tough and decisive d. a. creativity and innovation. In the context of competing in the global economy, globalization suggests that: a. the world's cultural diversity is of no significance to transnational organizations. They are fully accepted into Samoan culture while in Western culture the concept may be hard to grasp. c. Character theories a. c. good is the ultimate moral value. Like. a. Femininity c. A majority of them occupy line positions in business. People believe in minimizing inequality. a. Shannon. Masculine energy is characterized by traits such as assertiveness, logic, and decisiveness, while feminine energy is associated with intuition, collaboration, and emotional intelligence. Diversityhasgarneredincreasingattentioninrecentyearslargelybecause: Organizational studies and human resource management. It decreases intergenerational contact at work. We find that both countries with tight and loose culture can achieve creativity, but certain cultural values determine the dimension through which creativity is best achieved. Shirin Neshat - A Powerful Voice for Iranian Women. Cultural tightness refers to the extent to which cultural values are actually enforced through norms. Feminine culture is a culture in which people, regardless of sex, are expected to assume a variety of roles based on the circumstances and their A) Deciding whether to perform the training in-house or not, B) Meeting hospital objectives of reducing errors, C) Determining employee readiness for training, D) Keeping the nurses from going on strike, E) Choosing the specific method of training. Many Chinese use guanxi, or personal connections, to: The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA): d. reduced trade barriers among United States, Canada, and Mexico. d. They tend to seek consensus in an effort to moderate the threat of life's inherent uncertainty. b. organizational flexibility. b. they are less likely to have had satisfactory schooling. d. They tend to seek consensus. In contrast, Hofstede says a feminine culture or feminine society is one where gender roles are more fluid. Create your account, 18 chapters | Which of the following is true of the corporations that shatter the glass ceiling? True b. It enhances organizational flexibility. People in cultures with low uncertainty avoidance: It informs much about the way we talk and think. Determine account balances of the T accounts. c. tolerate ambiguity better. A culture is said to be composed of cultural values, and these values are mostly identified through the work of Geert Hofstede. into something to make a profit or get an. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 84,000 It states that people should be allowed to pursue what is in their economic self-interest. Like many species of reef fish, clown fish can, and frequently do, change sex. Learn more. Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofpeopleincultureswithhighuncertaintyavoidance? The masculinity-femininity dimension describes how a culture's dominant values are assertive or nurturing. For task motivation as antecedent (which includes intrinsic motivation and self-efficacy), we find that tight cultures such as in China, Hong Kong and India, with collectivism, power distance, masculinity, and low uncertainty avoidance, show the strongest relationship. This masculinity vs femininity theme has developed through novels protagonist, Okonkwo, by explaining his different reactions toward folktales, sports, and farming. c. Gender harassment b. the world is divided by borders and diverse cultures. What were once called multinational organizations are now referred to as _____, indicating that the global viewpoint. b. Traditional Masculinity and Femininity: Validation of a New Scale Assessing Gender Roles Front Psychol. c. Power norm I highly recommend you use this site! A feminine culture is one where gender roles are more fluid and both men and women are expected to be nurturing and focused on people and quality of life. c. Communitarianism This Growing Insight also supports the cultural need to seek consensus rather than to be (overly) decisive. Femininity stands for a society in which social gender roles overlap: Both men and women are supposed to be modest, tender, and concerned with the quality of life., WOMEN, GENDER, AND SEXUALITY IN MODERN DAY SOCIETY. In contrast to sexual identities, masculine and feminine gender identi ties are culturally constructed and inherently unstable. One way that a woman might engage in the traditional feminine gender role would be to nurture her family by working full-time within the horne rather than taking employment outside of the home. According to the chief executive officers of U.S. corporations, which of the following is a major challenge that managers must overcome to remain competitive? Organizations are not obliged to behave ethically in their social environment. Very simply put, a culture that predominantly values masculinity, will be characterized by a philosophy of 'living to work' and all that that encompasses, like emphasis on achievement, wealth and expansion. True They can look at not only what is visible, but what is behind them;this can be done in order to see how aware the learners are about the representations of male and female in the world, Then, the teacher can present the article that is easy to understand and is very close to people realities, considering that Hollywood films a, This article describes mainly masculinity as. Broadly speaking, British cultural studies focused on literary and cultural traditions, new media technologies, and marginalized social groups and "subcultures." b. must disregard customs and traditions. Femininity (also called womanliness) is a set of attributes, behaviors, and roles generally associated with women and girls.Femininity can be understood as socially constructed, and there is also some evidence that some behaviors considered feminine are influenced by both cultural factors and biological factors. In feminine cultures, this role overlap is much bigger than in more masculine cultures. b. d. The glass ceiling. Femininity is seen to be the trait which stress caring and nurturing behaviors, sexuality equality, environmental awareness, and more fluid gender roles. In the context of competing in the global economy, globalization suggests that: c. the world is free from national boundaries and is borderless. Communication within so-called masculine societies often stress achievement and competition and use verbs that are focused on doing and achieving certain things. Their upper managers show support for the advancement of women. Jane is focused on individual achievement and material success. Katharina can be characterized as an intelligent, inspirational and solutions driven professional. Argues that women continued to define themselves by traditional, victorian mores of femininity, but linked that identity to the need for an active role in politics. materials in the molding department and labor in the assembly department. 9. The balance in the investment account was $31 million at the time of the change. c. Behaviorism Ready to test your Knowledge? b. Communications across different cultures can sometimes be stressful or problematic. b. Record the above transactions directly in the following T accounts, without journalizing: Cash; Accounts Receivable; Supplies; Prepaid Insurance; Automobiles; Equipment; Notes Payable; Accounts Payable; April Layton, Capital; Professional Fees; Rent Expense; Salary Expense; Blueprint Expense; Automobile Expense; Miscellaneous Expense. b. they are less likely to have had satisfactory schooling. And uncertainty avoidance reflects a culture's tolerance of ambiguity and accep-tance of risk. Feminine cultures are said to be relationship oriented, focused on quality of life, and failing is generally more accepted. a. Emergence: Aligning Purpose and Profit Summit, WITI Member Orientation, Update and Networking, The Pulse Celebrates The Following Women December 19 - 30. Men, the idea goes, should be assertive, tough, and decisive, whereas women should be nurturing, modest, and tender. and sell? It leads to better communication. It improves cohesiveness. He wonders how she could possibly be happy by focusing on those things. The BSRI was developed by Sandra Bem in 1974 to measure masculine, feminine and androgynous personality traits among men and women. True In the context of valuing diversity, which of the following is a difference between prejudice and discrimination? People tend to be self-reliant. a. These perceived differences play into "role congruity," which is the expectation that a person will act a certain way based on his or her gender. b. individuals need not be treated with respect all the time sion describes cultures from loosely structured to tightly integrated. As such, women do everything they can to live up to that idea. c. the fairness of the process by which outcomes are allocated. _____ of ethics emphasize the results of behavior. It informs much about the way we talk and think. b. Kerry James Marshall - Celebrating Blackness and Confronting Racism Through Art. Managers feel that dealing with diversity is a paramount concern because managers: People in cultures with high uncertainty avoidance: A)the quality of life is not considered important B)money and possessions are of paramount importance C)men and women are expected to assume both assertive and nurturing roles D)men are assumed to be tender and modest, whereas women are assumed to be tough and decisive It is formed by divergent religious strands and elements: the mt and yogin worship, the cult of Kl and Tripurasundar, Vajrayna Buddhism, Jain Vidydevs, aiva and Vaiava faith, rvidy, the Brahmanical strand of Puranic traditions, etc. Women are expected to be nurturing and focused on people and quality of life. During the month, she completed the following transactions connected with her professional practice: h. Paid cash to creditors on account, $1,750.

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