The APOLLO study is being done in an attempt to improve outcomes after kidney transplantation and to improve the safety of living kidney donation based upon variation in the apolipoprotein L1 gene (APOL1). Dont miss out on todays top content on Renal & Urology News. The purpose of this study is to compare Posoleucel (formerly known as ALVR105; Viralym-M) to placebo in kidney transplant recipients who have high or low levels of BK virus in their blood. Flavio G. Vincenti Shiang-Cheng Kung, MD Sandy Feng, MD, PhD Peter Stock Monica Fung, MD Anoop Sheshadri, MD, MAS. Epub 2018 Aug 23. Hemodialysis uses a machine filter called a dialyzer or artificial kidney to remove excess water and salt, to balance the other electrolytes in the body, and to remove waste products of metabolism. Track Two, "Components and Tools that Enable the Development of an Artificial Kidney," is open to proposals for tools or components that adapt regenerative medicine, cellular engineering, tissue engineering, systems biology, and/or synthetic biology methods to address a challenge currently faced in the development of a fully functional artificial kidney. The video gives an overview of a new dialysis-free and waterless artificial kidney technology that will be used in portable and implantable devices and represents the first major innovation in renal replacement therapy since the development of dialysis over 75 years ago. Being "highly sensitized" means that they will likely have to wait a long time (more than 5 years) before an acceptable donor is found for them or, they never receive a compatible donor, and die on waitlist. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted State J. Med. The primary objective is to determine whether a booster dose of the Sanofi-GSK monovalent (B.1.351) CoV2 preS dTM-AS03 COVID-19 vaccine will elicit an increased SARS-CoV-2 antibody response in participants who have failed to maintain an antibody titer >2500 U/mL (using the Roche Elecsys(R) anti-RBD assay) to 2 or more doses of mRNA based COVID-19 vaccine. An additional post-transplantation outcome of interest will be number of days hospitalized within 3 months of transplantation. Track One, "Accelerating the Prototype of a Bioartificial Kidney," is open to submissions from innovators with development plans for a prototype bioartificial kidney, including a pathway and future timeline toward first-in-human studies. The components and tools solve a specific challenge for developing xenotransplanted, bioartificial, biomechanical, and/or other implantable or wearable platforms for kidney replacement therapy. According to a cross-sectional study conducted on 1990 participants, CKD273 performed better than traditional markers and correlated better than albuminuria with eGFR and better predicted rapid CKD progression . DR. RODGERS: Follow us @NIDDKgov. the implantable bioartificial kidney is a hybrid device that combines a mechanical blood filter made with a silicon membrane and a bioreactor containing engineered renal tubular epithelial cells. The team will continue to tweak the technology in more sheep-based studies this year, and is aiming to begin human trials in 2022. The Kidney Project's first artificial kidney demonstrated functionality, promising to free kidney disease patients from dialysis machines and transplant waiting lists. 2022. The primary objective is to safely determine if the investigators can identify the severity of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) early in the course of the disease. However, few waitlisted patients are able to participate in typical exercise interventions due to barriers such as severe fatigue. Intern. A randomized controlled study to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and overall benefit of FCR001 cell therapy in de novo living donor renal transplantation. The Home Blood Pressure (BP) Trial open to eligible people ages 18 years and up The main study will be a two arm 10-month, cross-over randomized controlled trial of 200 participants treated with end-stage-kidney-disease treated with in-center hemodialysis in the Seattle and San Francisco area comparing a strategy of targeting Designs of artificial kidney evolved dramatically in decades of development. San Francisco, California and other locations COVID Protection After Transplant-Immunosuppression Reduction A hollow-fibered membrane with well controlled blood and dialysate flow became the major design of the modern artificial kidney. The 850 million people worldwide who live with kidney diseases include 37 million Americans. In addition to coagulation and inflammation, other systemic effects such as intra-dialysis hypotension, hemodialysis induced amyloidosis, and residual renal function loss are all undesirable complications of blood purification treatment. Phase 2 of the Artificial Kidney Prize competition invites submissions focused on developing prototype bioartificial kidneys or a new tool or component that can help enable the development of bioartificial kidneys. Given the poor understanding of MCD/FSGS and MN biology, it is not surprising that the available therapies are imperfect. The investigators will trial the exercise program as compared to usual care. The Kidney Project is a national research project with a goal to create a small, surgically implanted, and free-standing bioartificial kidney to treat kidney failure. The 850 million people worldwide who live with kidney diseases include 37 million Americans. Communities of color are disproportionately affected with increased incidence, fewer organs available for transplant, and poorer outcomes overall. Minimal change disease (MCD), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), and Membranous nephropathy (MN), generate an enormous individual and societal financial burden, accounting for approximately 12% of prevalent end stage renal disease (ESRD) cases (2005) at an annual cost in the US of more than $3 billion. This is an observational study to evaluate safety and efficacy outcomes in renal transplant recipients in whom post-transplant care is managed using AlloSure. Kidney disease is a global health problem, affecting more than 10% of the world's population and more than half of adults over 70 years of age in the United States. KidneyX is a publicprivate partnership between the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and the American Society of Nephrology (ASN) founded to accelerate innovation in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of kidney diseases.. However, the complicated structure creates multiple dead spaces and turbulence within both compartments. The target systolic blood pressure of <140 mmHg in both treatment groups will be achieved using an algorithm of dry weight adjustment and anti-hypertensive medication adjustment. Low fluid resistance and expanded surface area facilitated the efficiency of dialysis. The implantable bioartificial kidney is designed to attach directly to the systemic circulation and is controlled by the patients blood pressure, thus eliminating the need for electrical pumps, with filtered waste removed directly into the bladder . The development of safe and effective wearable forms of dialysis has the potential to transform the lives of these patients. Imaging techniques have the advantage of being non-invasive and, thus, may be safely repeated to evaluate changes, providing information for both kidneys and potentially combining functional with morphological information. The role of patient-reported outcome measures in trials of artificial intelligence health technologies: a systematic evaluation of ClinicalTrials.gov records (1997-2022) March 2023 DOI: 10.1016 . and transmitted securely. The AlloSure test is intended to assess the probability of allograft rejection in kidney transplant recipients with clinical suspicion of rejection and to inform clinical decision-making regarding the necessity of renal biopsy in such patients at least 2 weeks post-transplant in conjunction with standard clinical assessment. The best treatment is a kidney transplant, but the supply of organs only addresses a small fraction of the need. Sorry, accepting new patients by invitation only. is the previous Editor-in-Chief of CKJ. Epub 2015 Jan 30. 2022 Jun 21;4:909990. doi: 10.3389/fmedt.2022.909990. From portable dialysis to a bioengineered kidney. Receive the latest updates from the Secretary, Blogs, and News Releases. Those receiving dialysis can begin treatment more promptly. In this study, half of the participants will have their body temperature cooled to slightly lower than normal (mild hypothermia) for a portion of the liver transplant operation, while the other half will have their body temperature maintained at normal. Hydrophobic synthetic polymer membranes increase the risk of platelet adhesion , Nevertheless, various addictive materials have been doped in the synthetic materials to improve the biocompatibility . .more .more WAK 3.0 Artificial Kidney Human Trials Successful. Artificial Kidney for Patients With Renal Failure Coming Soon Posted: Aug 19, 2022 New in Kidney Disease Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects about 10% of the world population, including about 1 in 4 men and 1 in 5 women aged 65-74 and it is increasing worldwide. The wearable artificial kidney is a miniaturized wearable hemodialysis device with continuous dialysis capacity. The KidneyX Artificial Kidney Prize called on scientists and engineers to submit "continuous kidney replacement therapies that provide transformational treatment options beyond current dialysis methods," a high bar that UCSF's artificial kidney is poised to clear in the coming years. Dr Roy: The bioartificial kidney consists of 2 primary components that work together to get rid of wastes. Markwardt F. Hirudin as Alternative AnticoagulantA Historical Review. Wearable artificial kidneys (WAKs) have been successfully tested in clinical trials, . Front Med Technol. Creating a wearable artificial kidney: where are we now? The overall objective of this proposal is to adapt a previously developed 8- week, home- based, structured exercise program among older (50 years) dialysis patients awaiting living donor KT, with a focus on caregiver involvement. Dont Miss: Procedure To Remove Kidney Stone. The vision for the artificial kidney is to provide patients with complete mobility and better physiological outcomes than dialysis, said Roy, who is a faculty member in the Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, a joint department of the UCSF Schools of Pharmacy and Medicine. The transition from chronic kidney disease to end-stage renal disease ESRD is a vulnerable and challenging period of time for patients and providers. The drug candidate was also under development for Alzheimer's disease, acute ischemic stroke, rheumatoid arthritis, type 2 diabetes, type 1 diabetes, acute kidney injury and Alport syndrome. Artificial kidneys may sound like something from a science fiction movie, but these ground-breaking new treatments are currently being designed and tested across the globe. Participants will be randomized to one of the two groups: 1) FC or 2) FC placebo. Natural kidney metabolic function is restored by protected renal tubule cells in the cell bioreactor. First, the blood-filtering hemofilter component processes incoming blood to create a watery ultrafiltrate that contains dissolved toxins as well as sugars and salts. Our membrane pores are precisely engineered to retain larger molecules (like albumin) and let waste products (like urea and creatinine) pass. ASN has nearly 20,000 members representing 132 countries. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). However, they often feel tied down by the demands of regular dialysis sessions and restrictions on food and drink. Careers. Artificial sweeteners are widely used sugar substitutes, but little is known about their long-term effects on cardiometabolic disease risks. Ann. We are actively fundraising and hope to secure these funds as soon as possible. The peritoneal-based wearable artificial kidney (lower) is connected to the patients peritoneal cavity and regenerates dialysate fluid. In the last few years, The Kidney Project successfully tested the hemofilter, which removes waste products and toxins from blood, and the bioreactor, which replicates other kidney functions, like the balance of electrolytes in blood, in separate experiments. The Kidney Projects artificial kidney will not only replicate the high quality of life seen in kidney transplant recipientsthe gold standard of kidney disease treatment, according to Roybut also spare them from needing to take immunosuppressants. A successful bioartificial kidney must be able to perform at least some of the kidney's most vital functions, such as blood filtration, electrolyte homeostasis, fluid regulation, toxin removal and secretion, and the transport and drainage of excess filtrate. The Kidney Project brings together scientists, engineers, and clinicians to create a surgically implantable bioartificial. The proposed study is designed to provide patients previously enrolled in Phase 1 and 2 studies of DCR-PHXC and their siblings (<18 years old) long-term access to DCR-PHXC, and to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of DCR-PHXC in patients with PH. Genes control what is inherited from a family, such as eye color or blood type. Coagulation, induced by adsorbed fibrinogen, increases the risk of intra-dialyzer clotting and post-dialysis thrombocytopenia . The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety of using lulizumab pegol with tocilizumab, belatacept, and everolimus in kidney transplant recipients. San Francisco, California and other locations. Your use of this website constitutes acceptance of Haymarket Medias Privacy Policy and Terms & Conditions. - And More, Close more info about Progress on an Implantable Bioartificial Kidney, Prostate Cancer Management Across America, Racial Disparities in Childhood-Onset ESKD Persist Into Adulthood. Sorry, in progress, not accepting new patients. This study will enroll individuals who have: This group of patients is at high risk for severe COVID-19 disease due to pharmacologic immunosuppression and a high prevalence of non-transplant risk factors such as obesity and diabetes. The APOLLO study is being done in an attempt to improve outcomes after kidney transplantation and to improve the safety of living kidney donation based upon variation in the apolipoprotein L1 gene (APOL1). A bubble detector, blood leak detector, and flowmeter monitor all fluid compartments and shut off the system in the case of an emergent condition. Next, we need to create larger devices with enough capacity to treat humans and test them in pigs with compromised kidney function. open to eligible people ages 18 years and up. June 22, 2022 KGO TV Interview - The Kidney Project Update May 18, 2022 Dr. Shuvo Roy speaks at Ansys Simulation World 2022 November 5-7, 2021 The Kidney Project speaks at ASN's Kidney Week 2021. . Well, now you can get involved. 18 in progress, 7 open to eligible people, open to eligible people ages 18 years and up. African Americans, Afro-Caribbeans, Hispanic Blacks, and Africans are more likely to have the APOL1 gene variants that cause kidney disease. Can I Get Hospice Care. No wearable artificial kidney is commercially available and timelines for availability are unknown. Scaling Up and Clinical Trials (2019 - 2022) Phase III will begin with first-in-human safety studies using an external version of the hemofilter to evaluate the risk of blood clots. Persons with kidney disease are at higher risk for cardiovascular disease, heart failure, physical function decline, and mortality. Phase 2 of the Artificial Kidney Prize competition invites submissions focused on developing prototype bioartificial kidneys or a new tool or component that can help enable the development of bioartificial kidneys. Dr Roy: No! The procedures build on decades of xenotransplant research in non-human primates. We can be ready to start a clinical trial in 3 to 4 years if we have the $10 million we need to complete the device scale-up and the FDA-required testing. The most interesting advances relate to estimation of nephron number, overall kidney functions, fibrosis and new functional magnetic resonance imaging , as well as ultrasound techniques such as diffusion-weighted MRI , blood oxygenation leveldependent MRI , perfusion MRI, hyperpolarized carbon 13 MRI and contrast-enhanced ultrasound . Furthermore, the same CE-MS analysis of a single urine sample may be used to derive other peptidomics markers that predict the rapid loss of eGFR better than albuminuria in patients who do not fulfill current eGFR criteria for CKD , or correlate with kidney fibrosis as detected in kidney biopsy or provide information on the underlying cause of CKD and its prognosis . Home Subsequently, the bioartificial kidney is expected to save national health care dollars. Once enrolled the investigators will draw blood and urine for novel and standard biomarkers. Studies and trials of silicon nanopore membranes, tissue engineering for renal cell bioreactors, and dialysate regeneration are all under development to overcome the shortcomings of current artificial kidneys. Home News Nephrology End-Stage Renal Disease. - Full-Length Features Like more sizable dialysis machines, it was designed to filter the blood of people whose kidneys are no longer working. Nephrology News and Issues | For the last 5 years, the University of Washington's Center for Dialysis Innovation has organized Innovations in Dialysis: Expediting Advances Symposium or IDEAS.The . REDY system; artificial kidney; cell bioreactor; implantable artificial kidney; nanopore silicon membrane; wearable artificial kidney. Therefore for older living donor kidney transplant candidates, it is necessary to address issues such as specifics of coaching, timing, and importantly, incorporate caregiver participation. For the Artificial Kidney Prize, the team married the two units into a scaled-down version of the artificial kidney and evaluated its performance in a preclinical model. Renal replacement therapy requires three 4-h-long dialysis courses every week. Register for free and gain unlimited access to: - Clinical News, with personalized daily picks for you Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! The units worked in tandem, powered by blood pressure alone, and without the need for blood thinning or immunosuppressant drugs. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) enhances and protects the health and well-being of all Americans. Suboptimal control of blood pressure is known to be common in patients with the advanced stages of CKD, and may contribute to their elevated risk of progression to ESRD, cardiovascular morbidity, and mortality. Organs. The investigators will then pilot the refined intervention in a total of 72 patient-caregiver dyads, 48 of whom will undergo the proposed intervention (24 with caregiver participation, 24 without). is the current Editor-in-Chief of CKJ. Erythropoietin resistance and protein malnutrition are also induced by similar interactions. As an essential part of the artificial kidney, the hollow fiber membrane divides blood and dialysate compartments with different filtration characteristics. Similar findings were observed in another study conducted on 2087 participants, in which CKD273 added to the prediction of CKD G3 after accounting for baseline eGFR, albuminuria and covariables . 20022023 The Regents of the University of California, Pressing Ahead in New Directions: Strategic Course 20072012, Unleashing Our Potential: Strategic Direction 2000 through 2005, Office of Experiential Education and Professional Development, Office of Education and Instructional Services, Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the team was awarded KidneyXs Phase 1 Artificial Kidney Prize, the hemofilter, which removes waste products and toxins from blood, the bioreactor, which replicates other kidney functions, Implantable bioartificial kidney achieves preclinical milestone, Roy shares promise of bioartificial kidney, How proteins orchestrate the biology of the cell, Manglik, Arkin, Bastian receive Mark Foundation ASPIRE Award for moonshot cancer research, UCSF School of Pharmacy leads in NIH funding for the 43rd straight year. The latest version is a belt-like device weighing up to 5 kg that is connected to blood vessels through catheters . This extended access study will assess the long-term safety and tolerability of bardoxolone methyl in qualified patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who previously participated in one of the qualifying clinical studies with bardoxolone methyl. Participants will be recruited from 12 core clinical sites. Dr Roy: This is a function of resources. The best-known bioartificial kidney is being developed by The Kidney Project, at the University of California, San Francisco. Track Two applicants are encouraged to use the additional time to seek guidance from or collaborate with experts in the kidney field to improve their applications. we hypothesize that the abundance and functions of Breg subsets in kidney transplant patients could be associated with transplant tolerance and . Eligible participants will receive a dose of the Sanofi-GSK monovalent (B.1.351) CoV2 preS dTM-AS03 COVID-19 vaccine candidate.. Low Protein Diet Kidney Disease Mayo Clinic. To improve patients quality of life, the system of dialysis must be modified greatly. So far, investigators have successfully tested prototypes implanted into healthy pigs. In the process, water is also reabsorbed back into the body, concentrating the ultrafiltrate into urine, which is directed to the bladder for excretion. But even these patients must contend with a lifetime on immunosuppressant drugs that can have severe side effects. Get timely alerts about studies in your area before anyone else. Continuing Medical Education (CME/CE) Courses. Amendment 1 : Is an observational study to develop and validate the clinical use of KidneyCare. However, the clinical classification of these diseases is widely believed to be inadequate by the scientific community. 15 in progress, 9 open to eligible people. open to eligible people ages 18-75 This trial investigates the efficacy and safety of clazakizumab [an anti-interleukin (IL)-6 monoclonal antibody (mAb)] for the treatment of CABMR in recipients of a kidney transplant. Another method of improving biocompatibility is by adjusting the inner membrane surface with coating materials, such as heparin or vitamin E. Theoretically, heparin can reduce coagulation reaction and vitamin E is able to improve oxidative stress induced by inflammation. However, given the substantial scientific advances that could supplement kidney health, such as adjustments in lifestyle and nutrition, pharmaceuticals, and other interventions that could slow progression of kidney disease or mitigate kidney failure, a bioartificial kidney may not need to replicate the full cellular and tissue complexity of a human kidney. Suboptimal control of blood pressure is known to be common in patients with the advanced stages of CKD, and may contribute to their elevated risk of progression to ESRD, cardiovascular morbidity, and mortality. Dialyzed blood is transferred to the cell bioreactor after hemofiltration. Bioartificial kidney aims to mimic natural kidney function with $1 million grant from the John and Marcia Goldman Foundation, The Kidney Project wins KidneyX Award to enable simpler, safer at-home dialysis, The Kidney Project earns KidneyX award to make home dialysis better for patients. Dont Miss: Can Potassium Citrate Dissolve Kidney Stones. - Case Studies Today, patients with kidney failure have two main options: a kidney transplant or dialysis. To see if polyTregs can reduce inflammation in a transplanted kidney. In addition, the investigators will measure these same outcomes at 3- months post KT to evaluate for a durable effect of the intervention. According to leaders in the field, this research is progressing toward clinical trials. The site is secure. With exclusive scoops, researcher engagements, and information provided only to AKN, you can engage directly with Artificial Kidney research teams and decision makers. Dr Roy: The bioartificial kidney consists of 2 primary components that work together to get rid of wastes. Be able to take action and get in touch with decision makers for consideration. Our lead scientists for Kidney Transplant research studies include Elaine Ku Meyeon Park, MD Chi-yuan Hsu, MD Sindhu Chandran, M.D. This location also allows for easy surgical access, should the device ever need to be repaired or replaced. Copyright 2023 Haymarket Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved Now that we have demonstrated the feasibility of combining the hemofilter and bioreactor, we can focus on upscaling the technology for more rigorous preclinical testing, and ultimately, clinical trials.. at UCLA UCSF An Extended Access Program for Bardoxolone Methyl in Patients With CKD (EAGLE) To achieve this goal, the source of dialysate, fresh water supply, energy supplement, the size of the artificial kidney, and financial costs are all challenges on the path toward artificial kidneys that provide better patient quality of life. The device is being developed by Dr. Ira Kurtz, MD, FRCP, FASN, chief of the UCLA Health Division of Nephrology, in partnership with the U.S. Kidney Research Corp. Armignacco P, Lorenzin A, Neri M, Nalesso F, Garzotto F, Ronco C. Semin Dial. Multiple dialysis-associated complications, such as intra-dialysis hypotension, dialysis-related amyloidosis, and erythropoietin resistance, reflect the fact that the current designs of artificial kidneys require further modification and membrane engineering . (February 7, 2022) Print PDF Summary Other than a kidney transplant, dialysis is the main treatment option for people with end-stage kidney disease; but dialysis facilities have limited capacity and are associated with significant costs both to the health care system and to patients. The Schools doctor of pharmacy (PharmD) degree program, with its unique emphasis on scientific thinking, prepares students to be critical thinkers and leaders in their field. Renal & Urology News publishes timely news coverage of scientific developments of interest to nephrologists and urologists, including in-depth coverage of all relevant medical conferences. The initial studies will demonstrate that the device and its materials are safe for implantation and provide the evidence needed to begin a larger trial to The primary objective of this study is to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of cellular immunotherapy with MDR-101 for induction of functional immune tolerance in recipients of human leukocyte antigen -matched, living donor kidney transplants. Some kidney transplant candidates have a very low chance of getting a kidney transplant because their immune systems are "highly sensitized" to most kidney donors. The membrane materials used in artificial kidneys include cellulose derivatives, polysulfone derivatives , polyacrylonitrile , polymethylmethacrylate , and ethyl vinyl-acetate copolymer . is member of the CKJ Editorial Board. The primary goals of dialyzers are removing solutes and excessive fluid from the blood of the patients. Am J Kidney Dis. Innovation is urgently needed. By clicking Accept all you agree that Yahoo and our partners will process your personal information, and use technologies such as cookies, to display personalised ads and content, for ad and content measurement, audience insights, and product development. Disclaimer. The investigators seek to determine how well physicians caring for those with AKI can predict the clinical course compared to these novel biomarkers of AKI and if there is an association between clinical course and 3 year patient outcomes. During dialysis, interactions between blood and the inner surface of hollow fibers might trigger systemic effects including inflammation , coagulation , erythropoietin resistance , and protein malnutrition . Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and the artificial liver or pancreas are all possible applications of membranes . An open label, non-randomized pilot study in kidney transplant recipients who received a completed primary series and bivalent booster of mRNA based COVID-19 vaccine and have =<2500 U/mL SARS-CoV-2 S antibody concentration using the Roche Elecsys(R) anti-RBD assay. Since we dont know how quickly well be able to raise this funding, its difficult to predict when a trial will start. The first versions of the device will not provide as much kidney function as a transplant or a healthy natural kidney, but enough to keep patients off dialysis. The major objective is to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of ANG-3777 in improving graft function and reducing the severity of delayed graft function (DGF) in recipients at high risk of DGF after receiving a deceased donor renal allograft. Aims, purpose, or objectives: 1. The artificial kidney is designed to work like the natural kidney, filtering the blood and maintaining the body's fluid balance so that dialysis is not necessary. Although they have been well established to prolong patients' lives, the modern blood purification system is still imperfect. The Regents of the University of California, A Trial of Bardoxolone Methyl in Patients With ADPKD - FALCON, An Extended Access Program for Bardoxolone Methyl in Patients With CKD (EAGLE), Atrasentan in Patients With IgA Nephropathy, Ferric Citrate and Chronic Kidney Disease in Children, Mild Hypothermia and Acute Kidney Injury in Liver Transplantation, Phase 2/3 Adaptive Study of VX-147 in Adults and Adolescents With APOL1- Mediated Proteinuric Kidney Disease, Trial of Pirfenidone to Prevent Progression in Chronic Kidney Disease, APOL1 Long-term Kidney Transplantation Outcomes Network (APOLLO), Pilot to Examine Risk and Feasibility of Remote Management of BP From CKD Through ESRD, A Study Testing the Use of a Perivascular Sirolimus Formulation (Sirogen) in ESRD Patients Undergoing AV Fistula Surgery, Long Term Extension Study in Patients With Primary Hyperoxaluria, The Effect of Loop Diuretics on Severity and Outcome of Acute Kidney Injury. 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